Battery knowledge · Materials analysis and post-mortem
Nuclear magnetic resonance
Probing nuclei such as ⁷Li, ¹⁹F and ¹H in a strong magnetic field, where their resonance frequencies reveal their chemical surroundings. Solid-state ⁷Li NMR separates metallic lithium, shifted by about 250 ppm, from lithium in graphite or the SEI, so it can quantify plating even operando; solution NMR identifies electrolyte decomposition products. [1]
- Abbreviation
- NMR
- Also called
- solid-state NMR, ⁷Li NMR, MAS NMR
Example
Materials analysis and post-mortem: an example situation
Surface and bulk measurements may find different compositions in the same electrode without contradiction.
Read Nuclear magnetic resonance alongside Dead lithium in this context. Plated lithium metal that has lost electrical contact with the electrode, usually because SEI formed around it. It can no longer take part in cycling, so every gram of it is permanent capacity loss.
Use in Lemonergy
Connect results with scale and specimen preparation.
This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.
References & further reading
Technical references
- Advanced characterization techniques for solid state lithium battery research
Yuxuan Xiang, Xia Li, Yongqiang Cheng, Xueliang Sun, Yong Yang · Materials Today · 2020
Technical reference · X-ray, solid-state NMR and neutron methods in solid-state battery research.