Particle cracking

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Separate mechanisms, observations and fitted models.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

Learn it in Lesson 4 · Battery aging →

Connected concepts

Related concepts from the knowledge graph. Connections show context, not cause and effect. Hover or focus a linked term for its definition.

Cycle aging

Degradation caused by charging and discharging: mechanical strain in the particles, fresh SEI on cracked surfaces and, at high rate or low temperature, lithium plating. It scales with charge throughput and grows with depth of discharge and C-rate.

Depth of discharge

How much of a cell’s capacity is used in a cycle. Deep cycles cause more mechanical stress in the active materials than shallow ones.

Loss of active material

The degradation mode in which electrode material becomes unable to store lithium: particles crack and lose electronic contact, structures collapse, or transition metals dissolve. It is tracked separately for each electrode.

Silicon anode

A negative electrode that uses silicon, which alloys with lithium and stores roughly ten times more charge per gram than graphite but swells by up to 300 %. Today it is blended into graphite at a few percent to limit the swelling.

Single-crystal cathode

Positive-electrode powder made of individual micron-sized crystals rather than agglomerates of many small grains. With no internal grain boundaries to crack open, it resists particle cracking and gassing and lasts longer at high voltage.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Lithium ion battery degradation: what you need to know

   Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · 2021

   Technical reference · Degradation mechanisms, modes, operational effects and their interactions.