Non-linear voltammetry charging

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Separate regulation from availability.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

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Adaptive charging

Charging whose current and voltage limits adjust in real time to what the battery can safely take — its temperature, state of charge, health or impedance — or to when it is needed. Phones that hold at 80 % overnight and finish shortly before the owner wakes are an everyday example; vehicle chargers use the same idea against lithium plating.

CC-CV charging

The standard lithium-ion charge protocol: constant current until the cell reaches its upper cutoff voltage, then that voltage held constant while the current tapers. The charge ends when the current falls to a set fraction, often C/20.

Constant voltage

A charge stage in which the terminal voltage is held at a selected limit while the current is allowed to fall. The charge added during this stage and its duration depend on the cell, initial state, voltage limit and termination current.

Fast charging

Charging intended to replenish a specified amount of energy or state of charge in a short time. There is no universal C-rate threshold: performance depends on cell chemistry, temperature, starting state and power limits. High current can increase heating and lithium-plating risk, requiring appropriate limits.

Pulse charging

Charging with current pulses separated by rests or short discharges, intended to let concentration gradients relax and reduce plating. Benefits for lithium-ion are modest and depend on the cell; it is not standard practice.

Relaxation

The slow recovery of a cell’s voltage towards open-circuit voltage after current stops, as concentration gradients inside the electrodes level out. It takes minutes to hours, which is why OCV measurements need a rest period.

References & further reading

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

1. Lithium-ion battery fast charging: A review

   Anna Tomaszewska et al. · eTransportation · 2019

   Topic background · CC-CV and alternative charging protocols, transport limitations, degradation and thermal implications; results depend on cell and test conditions. Software behavior is documented separately in Lemonergy block references.