IEC 61951

Example

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Match scope to product and installation.

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IEC 62133

The safety standard for portable sealed cells and batteries, part 2 covering lithium systems. Passing it is a basic requirement for consumer products, and it is often the first safety certification a new cell obtains.

Low self-discharge NiMH

Nickel–metal hydride cells with an improved separator and hydrogen-storage alloy that keep roughly 70–85 % of their charge after a year, where standard NiMH can lose that much in a few months. They are sold charged and ready to use, at the cost of somewhat lower capacity, and since their launch in 2005 have become most of the NiMH market.

Nickel–cadmium battery

A 1.2 V aqueous cell, rugged and able to deliver very high currents, but containing toxic cadmium and prone to the memory effect. It is now restricted in most consumer uses and survives in aviation and emergency lighting.

Nickel–metal hydride battery

A 1.2 V aqueous cell with a nickel hydroxide positive electrode and a hydrogen-absorbing alloy negative. It powered hybrid cars for two decades and is tolerant of abuse, but lithium-ion stores two to three times more energy per kilogram.

References & further reading

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

1. IEC 62619:2022 — Safety requirements for secondary lithium cells and batteries, for use in industrial applications

   International Electrotechnical Commission · 2022

   Topic background · Industrial and stationary lithium-battery safety scope; excludes road vehicles where their dedicated standard applies.

2. Energy Storage System Testing and Certification

   UL Solutions

   Topic background · System safety scope of UL 9540 and relationships to battery and power-conversion standards.