Battery knowledge · Thermal management and heat transfer
Thermocouples, RTDs and fibre-optic sensors
Temperature sensors used alongside the NTC thermistors of a BMS. Thermocouples, junctions of two dissimilar wires such as type K or T, are cheap, small and standard in cell testing, good to about ±1–2 °C; platinum RTDs such as the Pt100 reach a few tenths of a degree; fibre-optic sensors ignore electrical noise and can sit inside a cell.
- Also called
- thermocouple, RTD, Pt100, resistance temperature detector, fibre Bragg grating, FBG
Example
Thermal management and heat transfer: an example situation
Equal total heat in different layouts can produce different gradients. Average temperature can miss a hot spot.
Read Thermocouples, RTDs and fibre-optic sensors alongside Battery management system in this context. The electronics and software that keep a battery inside its safe window: measuring every cell voltage and many temperatures, estimating SOC and SOH, balancing cells, computing current limits, controlling the contactors and reporting over the vehicle network.
Use in Lemonergy
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References & further reading
Further reading on this topic
These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.
- A General Energy Balance for Battery Systems
Dawn Bernardi, Ellen Pawlikowski, John Newman · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · 1985
Topic background · Battery energy balance and irreversible and reversible heat contributions. Reduced thermal models require explicit assumptions and current-sign conventions.
- University Physics Volume 2, §1.6: Mechanisms of Heat Transfer
OpenStax, Rice University
Topic background · Conduction, convection, radiation and thermal resistance.