Battery knowledge · Lithium-ion chemistries and cell formats
Layered oxide
The crystal structure of LCO, NMC and NCA: close-packed oxygen layers with lithium and transition-metal ions in alternate layers of octahedral sites, so lithium moves in two-dimensional sheets. The structure offers high capacity and voltage but can distort or mix cations when deeply delithiated. Sodium versions are labelled O3 or P2 by their stacking. [1]
- Abbreviation
- LTMO
- Also called
- layered transition-metal oxide, α-NaFeO₂ structure, O3 structure, P2 structure
Example
Lithium-ion chemistries and cell formats: an example situation
Two cylindrical cells can share dimensions yet differ in cathode, capacity and current limits.
Read Layered oxide alongside LCO in this context. The original lithium-ion positive material, LiCoO₂, still used in phones and laptops for its high volumetric energy density. Cobalt cost and limited thermal stability keep it out of vehicles.
Use in Lemonergy
Separate chemistry from form factor.
This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.
References & further reading
Technical references
- A reflection on lithium-ion battery cathode chemistry
Arumugam Manthiram · Nature Communications · 2020
Technical reference · Layered oxides, spinels and polyanion cathodes; links between composition, structure and performance.