Remanufacturing and repair

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Distinguish recovered material from a qualified product.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

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Battery triage

Deciding what a returned battery is good for — repair, reuse, repurposing or recycling — from its history, a visual and electrical inspection and a quick state-of-health measurement. Fast, reliable triage is what makes second life economic.

Design for recycling

Choosing pack and cell constructions — bolted rather than glued modules, labelled chemistries, no potting — that make end-of-life dismantling fast and safe. It trades a little production convenience for a large saving at the recycler.

Grading

Sorting finished cells into bins by capacity and resistance so a module is built from closely matched cells. Mismatched cells would force the pack to balance constantly and age its weakest cell fastest.

Second life

Using vehicle packs that have reached their automotive end of life, with 70–80 % capacity left, in less demanding stationary storage before recycling. Grading the used cells and the liability for them are the practical obstacles.

References & further reading

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

1. Lithium-Ion Battery Recycling

   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

   Topic background · Battery construction, recycling routes and U.S. waste-management context.

2. Recycling lithium-ion batteries from electric vehicles

   Gavin Harper et al. · Nature · 2019

   Topic background · Reuse, disassembly and mechanical, hydro-, pyro- and direct recycling routes.