Microcontroller

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Separate quantities from encoding and transport.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

Connected concepts

Related concepts from the knowledge graph. Connections show context, not cause and effect. Hover or focus a linked term for its definition.

Analog front end

The integrated circuit that measures a stack of series cells — typically 6 to 18 per chip — with millivolt accuracy, reads thermistors, switches balancing and talks to the controller over an isolated daisy chain. It is the part of a BMS that touches the cells, and its accuracy limits how well SOC can be known.

Battery management unit

The master controller of a battery management system: it collects cell voltages and temperatures from the monitoring boards, runs the state estimation and protection logic, drives the contactors and talks to the vehicle. In some architectures the same name is used for a per-module slave, so a datasheet’s block diagram is the safe reference.

Firmware

The software that runs on a BMS or charger controller. Its version decides how SOC, limits and faults behave, so it is tracked like a part number, updated by flashing over CAN or over the air, and recorded in the battery passport.

Field-programmable gate array

A chip whose logic is configured after manufacture, best known from Xilinx, now AMD, and Intel. In battery work it appears where timing must be exact and fast: test-bench and HIL simulators that emulate cells in microseconds, high-speed data acquisition, and some fast protection and power-electronics control.

Functional safety

The discipline, standardised for vehicles in ISO 26262, of making sure electronic failures do not cause harm. Battery functions such as overvoltage protection are classified by risk into ASIL levels A to D, which set how redundant and verified their hardware and software must be.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Getting Started with the BQ76925

   Texas Instruments · 2019

   Technical reference · A concrete BMS analog front-end example: cell voltage, current, temperature measurement and MCU integration.

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

2. 3rd generation of the CAN data link layer

   CAN in Automation, CAN Newsletter · 2020

   Topic background · Classical CAN, CAN FD and CAN XL data-link concepts; publication describes the 2020 state.