Battery knowledge · Other and emerging chemistries
Flow battery
A battery whose energy is stored in liquid electrolytes held in external tanks and pumped through a reaction stack. Energy and power scale independently, which suits long-duration grid storage; vanadium is the most developed chemistry. [1]
- Also called
- vanadium redox flow battery, VRFB
Example
Other and emerging chemistries: an example situation
Two chemistries can meet the same energy target with different voltage windows and charge termination.
Read Flow battery alongside Fuel cell in this context. An electrochemical converter that makes electricity from a fuel, usually hydrogen, and oxygen as long as both are supplied, rather than storing energy in its electrodes. Fuel-cell vehicles still carry a battery to buffer power.
Use in Lemonergy
Do not carry lithium-ion assumptions into every chemistry.
This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.
References & further reading
Technical references
- DOE/EPRI 2013 Electricity Storage Handbook in Collaboration with NRECA
Sandia National Laboratories · 2013
Technical reference · Storage technologies and grid services. The publisher notes that its historical cost and deployment figures are outdated.
Further reading on this topic
These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.
- Promise and reality of post-lithium-ion batteries with high energy densities
Jang Wook Choi, Doron Aurbach · Nature Reviews Materials · 2016
Topic background · Post-lithium-ion materials and battery concepts, including practical cell-level limitations; historical 2016 perspective.