Cell-to-module-to-pack

Example

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Use in Lemonergy

Make series/parallel architecture explicit.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

Connected concepts

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Cell-to-pack

Building the pack directly from cells without the intermediate module, using large-format cells that bear load themselves. It raises the cell-to-pack ratio and cuts parts, at the cost of making the pack harder to service.

Cell-to-pack ratio

The share of a pack’s mass or volume that is cells rather than housing, cooling, busbars and electronics. It is typically 60–75 % by mass; raising it is the point of cell-to-pack and cell-to-chassis designs.

Electrode-to-pack

A pack concept that skips both the cell can and the module: electrode stacks sealed in thin film are placed directly in the pack enclosure and connected there. 24M, which proposed it, claims electrodes could fill about 80% of pack volume against 30–60% in conventional packs — a step beyond cell-to-pack.

Module

A group of cells connected in series and parallel, mechanically held together with its own voltage and temperature sensing, built as the unit from which a pack is assembled and serviced. Cell-to-pack designs do away with it.

Battery pack

The complete battery as installed: modules or cells, the BMS, contactors and fuses, busbars, cooling, sensors and an enclosure. Its energy is the sum of its cells’ energies; its mass and volume are a good deal more.

Remanufacturing and repair

Restoring a pack to its original duty by replacing failed or weak modules, cells, electronics or seals, then retesting it. It keeps the most value of any end-of-life route, and depends on packs that can be opened and on cells that can be matched.

References & further reading

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

1. Extended Kalman filtering for battery management systems of LiPB-based HEV battery packs: Part 2. Modeling and identification

   Gregory L. Plett · Journal of Power Sources · 2004

   Topic background · Battery charge balance, open-circuit voltage, ohmic loss, polarization dynamics and model identification; parameters require cell-specific data.

2. Getting Started with the BQ76925

   Texas Instruments · 2019

   Topic background · A concrete BMS analog front-end example: cell voltage, current, temperature measurement and MCU integration.