Cell supervision circuit

Example

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Use in Lemonergy

Make series/parallel architecture explicit.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

Connected concepts

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Analog front end

The integrated circuit that measures a stack of series cells — typically 6 to 18 per chip — with millivolt accuracy, reads thermistors, switches balancing and talks to the controller over an isolated daisy chain. It is the part of a BMS that touches the cells, and its accuracy limits how well SOC can be known.

Battery management system

The electronics and software that keep a battery inside its safe window: measuring every cell voltage and many temperatures, estimating SOC and SOH, balancing cells, computing current limits, controlling the contactors and reporting over the vehicle network.

Cell balancing

Equalising the state of charge of cells in series, since the pack is limited by its emptiest cell on discharge and its fullest on charge. Passive balancing bleeds charge from high cells through resistors; active balancing moves it between cells.

isoSPI

A transformer-isolated, two-wire version of the SPI interface used to chain cell-monitoring chips across modules that sit at different voltages. It carries their measurements to the BMS controller without a separate isolated CAN node per module.

Voltage sensing

Measuring each series cell group’s voltage through a wire or flexible circuit from its busbar to the monitoring chip. Millivolt accuracy matters because the BMS reads SOC and detects faults from these numbers.

Wireless BMS

A pack architecture in which each cell supervision circuit talks to the controller by radio instead of a wiring harness, saving cable, connectors and assembly time. It needs its own redundancy and security design to reach the same safety level.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Getting Started with the BQ76925

   Texas Instruments · 2019

   Technical reference · A concrete BMS analog front-end example: cell voltage, current, temperature measurement and MCU integration.

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

2. Extended Kalman filtering for battery management systems of LiPB-based HEV battery packs: Part 2. Modeling and identification

   Gregory L. Plett · Journal of Power Sources · 2004

   Topic background · Battery charge balance, open-circuit voltage, ohmic loss, polarization dynamics and model identification; parameters require cell-specific data.