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Lemonergy · Studio block

Combined-slip tyre and compliant road contact

Combines compliant road contact with longitudinal and lateral slip forces, coupled to wheel-shaft torque.

Implementation ID
tyre-contact
Reviewed
2026-10-30

Behavior

Combines compliant road contact with longitudinal and lateral slip forces, coupled to wheel-shaft torque.

Interface

Contactaconserving · framebconserving · frameshaftconserving · rotationalSteering angleinput · rad (dimensionless signal)normal Forceoutput · Nlongitudinal Forceoutput · Nlateral Forceoutput · Nslip Speedoutput · m/sheatoutput · W
Select a terminal or signal to inspect its meaning. This is a conceptual interface, not simulation output.
Ports and observed outputs
NameDirectionUnitMeaning
aconservingframeReference frame A
bconservingframeAttached frame B
shaftconservingrotationalWheel rotational shaft
Steering angleinputrad (dimensionless signal)Steering angle is a directed dimensionless input to this component, expressed in rad (dimensionless signal). Its binding supplies information; it is not a conserving connection.
normal ForceoutputNDirected output available to compatible consumers: normal Force.
longitudinal ForceoutputNDirected output available to compatible consumers: longitudinal Force.
lateral ForceoutputNDirected output available to compatible consumers: lateral Force.
slip Speedoutputm/sDirected output available to compatible consumers: slip Speed.
heatoutputWDirected output available to compatible consumers: heat.

Signal inputs

These directed signals carry information. Conserving terminals exchange the quantities of their physical domain.

Signal outputs

Outputs can supply compatible inputs. Connections and values are inspected in the model that owns them.

Current authoring interface
PinDirectionUnit or domainMeaning
Steering angleinputrad (dimensionless signal)Steering angle is a directed dimensionless input to this component, expressed in rad (dimensionless signal). Its binding supplies information; it is not a conserving connection.
normal ForceoutputNDirected output available to compatible consumers: normal Force.
longitudinal ForceoutputNDirected output available to compatible consumers: longitudinal Force.
lateral ForceoutputNDirected output available to compatible consumers: lateral Force.
slip Speedoutputm/sDirected output available to compatible consumers: slip Speed.
heatoutputWDirected output available to compatible consumers: heat.

Parameters

Defaults are initial model values. Select values for your own model and operating conditions.

Configuration fields
ParameterUnitDefaultMeaning and limits
radiusM
radiusM		m0.3Declared authoring field: radiusM.
Minimum 1e-06; Maximum 10
normalStiffnessNM
normalStiffnessNM		N/m200000Declared authoring field: normalStiffnessNM.
Minimum 1e-06; Maximum 1000000000000
normalDampingNSM
normalDampingNSM		N s/m2000Declared authoring field: normalDampingNSM.
Minimum 0; Maximum 1000000000000
friction
friction		10.9Declared authoring field: friction.
Minimum 0; Maximum 10
longitudinalStiffness
longitudinalStiffness		N s/m20000Declared authoring field: longitudinalStiffness.
Minimum 0; Maximum 1000000000000
lateralStiffness
lateralStiffness		N s/m20000Declared authoring field: lateralStiffness.
Minimum 0; Maximum 1000000000000
steeringRad
steeringRad		rad0Declared authoring field: steeringRad.
Minimum -1.5; Maximum 1.5

Equations and rules

The behavior and configured interface above define this authoring component. This reference does not add numerical equations beyond its source contract.

Use in Studio

Use this authoring component

Choose this component in the Studio library and configure its declared interface. This reference describes the authoring contract; it does not claim a standalone numerical validation or a measured result.

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Connected concepts

Limits and interpretation

  • The symbolic diagram describes the component and its declared interface. It is not a solved circuit or simulated output.
  • Configured parameters and model connections determine the result. Check the complete model before interpreting its outputs.

Implementation sources

This reference follows Lemonergy implementation sources. Scientific articles support the linked concepts separately.

Repository: battery-design · Revision: e248d21a9902225f1075624f23e7628b54cdb7cc

  • docs/glossary/studio-help-catalog.json

This implementation and its workflow uses (JSON) · Knowledge graph (JSON-LD)

Current authoring interface provenance

The interactive graphic is exported from the same Studio help descriptor. Source base: e248d21a9902225f1075624f23e7628b54cdb7cc. File content hashes in the public descriptor catalog identify the exact source snapshot. Existing numerical checks above retain their own verification scope.