WEEE Directive

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EU Battery Regulation

The European law, in force since 2023, that governs batteries over their whole life: carbon-footprint declarations, recycled-content minimums, due diligence on raw materials, performance and durability requirements, removability, the battery passport and collection and recycling targets.

Extended producer responsibility

The principle, in the EU Battery Regulation and its predecessor, that whoever first places a battery on the market pays for its collection and recycling at end of life. Producers register nationally, report volumes and fund the collection schemes.

Battery recycling

Recovering lithium, nickel, cobalt, copper and aluminium from end-of-life cells and production scrap. Scrap is today’s main feedstock; vehicle returns will dominate in the 2030s, and regulation now sets minimum recovery rates.

RoHS

The EU directive restricting ten substances in electrical and electronic equipment — lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, two families of brominated flame retardants and four phthalates — to 0.1 % by weight of each homogeneous material, 0.01 % for cadmium. Batteries themselves fall under battery law instead, but the chargers and devices around them must comply.

References & further reading

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

1. Regulation (EU) 2023/1542 concerning batteries and waste batteries

   European Union / EUR-Lex · 2023

   Topic background · Battery sustainability, information, waste management and battery passport provisions. Consult the current consolidated text and applicable implementing acts.