Transition-metal dissolution

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Separate mechanisms, observations and fitted models.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

Learn it in Lesson 4 · Battery aging →

Connected concepts

Related concepts from the knowledge graph. Connections show context, not cause and effect. Hover or focus a linked term for its definition.

Crosstalk

Degradation at one electrode caused by species produced at the other — dissolved transition metals or oxidation products from the positive electrode damaging the SEI on the negative. It is why electrode aging cannot be studied in isolation.

Hydrofluoric acid

Formed when LiPF₆ electrolyte meets water, or when a fluorinated cell burns. Inside a cell traces of it attack the positive electrode and SEI; in a fire it is the most dangerous component of the vented gas.

LMO

A manganese spinel positive material, LiMn₂O₄, that is cheap, safe and good at high power but suffers manganese dissolution and short life at elevated temperature. It is often blended with NMC rather than used alone.

Loss of active material

The degradation mode in which electrode material becomes unable to store lithium: particles crack and lose electronic contact, structures collapse, or transition metals dissolve. It is tracked separately for each electrode.

Solid–electrolyte interphase

A film of electrolyte reaction products on the negative-electrode particles — graphite, and also silicon or lithium metal. It protects the electrode from further reaction but grows slowly for the whole life of the cell, consuming cyclable lithium.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Lithium ion battery degradation: what you need to know

   Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · 2021

   Technical reference · Degradation mechanisms, modes, operational effects and their interactions.