Thermal propagation test

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Connect mechanisms with appropriate test evidence.

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Abuse testing

Deliberately driving cells and packs beyond their limits — overcharge, crush, nail penetration, external short, heating, drop — to see how they fail. Standards define each test and rank the outcome on a hazard scale from no effect to explosion.

GTR 20

The UN Global Technical Regulation on electric vehicle safety, the basis of national rules in Europe, China, Japan and elsewhere. Its thermal propagation clause requires a warning to occupants at least five minutes before a hazardous condition in the cabin.

Thermal barrier

An insulating sheet — aerogel, mica, ceramic fibre or intumescent material — placed between cells or modules to slow heat transfer during a thermal event and buy time for occupants to leave.

Thermal propagation

Thermal runaway spreading from one cell to its neighbours through conducted heat, hot gas and flame. Pack designs are judged by whether, and how slowly, a single failing cell takes the rest with it.

References & further reading

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

1. Thermal runaway mechanism of lithium ion battery for electric vehicles: A review

   Xuning Feng et al. · Energy Storage Materials · 2018

   Topic background · Electrical, mechanical and thermal abuse; thermal-runaway mechanisms and propagation.