Porous electrode

Example

Explore the graph

Use in Lemonergy

Connect each material with its function.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

Learn it in Lesson 1B · Cell architecture →

Connected concepts

Related concepts from the knowledge graph. Connections show context, not cause and effect. Hover or focus a linked term for its definition.

3D electrode

An electrode given a deliberate three-dimensional geometry — laser-drilled channels, interdigitated pillars or a porous metal-foam current collector — instead of a uniform flat coating. The structure shortens the paths ions must travel through a thick electrode and enlarges the reactive surface, so a cell can keep its energy while charging faster.

Active material

The part of an electrode that actually stores lithium — graphite on the negative side, an oxide or phosphate on the positive. It makes up most of the electrode coating; the rest is binder and conductive additive.

Porosity

The fraction of a layer’s volume that is empty space. In a lithium-ion electrode the pores — roughly 20–35 % of the volume after calendering — are filled with electrolyte, which carries ions to the particles.

Porous-electrode theory

The framework, due to Newman and co-workers, that treats a porous electrode as two overlapping continua — solid and electrolyte — exchanging current everywhere through their shared surface. It underlies every physics-based lithium-ion model.

Tortuosity

How winding the path through a porous layer is, compared with a straight line through it. High tortuosity means ions travel much further than the layer is thick, which limits how fast a thick, dense electrode can be charged or discharged.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Modeling of Galvanostatic Charge and Discharge of the Lithium/Polymer/Insertion Cell

   Marc Doyle, Thomas F. Fuller, John Newman · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · 1993

   Technical reference · Porous-electrode transport and insertion-cell modeling; foundational work rather than a specification for a particular commercial cell.

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

2. DOE Explains… Batteries

   U.S. Department of Energy

   Topic background · Introductory account of electrodes, electrolyte and conversion between chemical and electrical energy.

3. Current and future lithium-ion battery manufacturing

   Yangtao Liu, Ruihan Zhang, Jun Wang, Yan Wang · iScience · 2021

   Topic background · Electrode preparation, cell assembly, formation and manufacturing trade-offs.