Particle size

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Specify phase, direction and boundaries.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

Connected concepts

Related concepts from the knowledge graph. Connections show context, not cause and effect. Hover or focus a linked term for its definition.

Rate capability

How much of its capacity a cell can still deliver as the C-rate rises. It is measured by discharging at a series of rates and falls faster for thick, dense electrodes and at low temperature.

Single-crystal cathode

Positive-electrode powder made of individual micron-sized crystals rather than agglomerates of many small grains. With no internal grain boundaries to crack open, it resists particle cracking and gassing and lasts longer at high voltage.

Solid-state diffusion

Lithium moving through the crystal lattice of an active-material particle, with diffusion coefficients of about 10⁻¹⁶ to 10⁻¹³ m²/s — three or more orders of magnitude slower than the 10⁻¹⁰ m²/s of the liquid. It is usually the rate-limiting step for thick electrodes and large particles.

Specific surface area

Surface per gram of a powder, measured by gas adsorption and quoted as the BET area in m²/g. More surface speeds the reaction but also grows more SEI, so graphite is engineered to a modest 1–3 m²/g.

References & further reading

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

1. Modeling of Galvanostatic Charge and Discharge of the Lithium/Polymer/Insertion Cell

   Marc Doyle, Thomas F. Fuller, John Newman · Journal of The Electrochemical Society · 1993

   Topic background · Porous-electrode transport and insertion-cell modeling; foundational work rather than a specification for a particular commercial cell.

2. Quantities, Units and Symbols in Physical Chemistry, 3rd edition, 2nd printing

   IUPAC · 2011

   Topic background · Physical-chemistry notation, thermodynamics, electrochemistry and transport quantities.