NMP

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Place operations and quality checks in process order.

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Dry electrode process

A way of making electrodes without solvent: the powders are mixed with a binder that draws out into fine fibres under shear, and the resulting film is pressed onto the foil. It removes the slurry, the dryer and solvent recovery.

PVDF

The fluoropolymer binder used in most positive electrodes. It dissolves only in solvents such as NMP, which is why positive-electrode slurries are solvent-based and need solvent recovery in the plant.

Slurry

The mixture of active material, conductive carbon, binder and solvent that is coated onto a current-collector foil to make an electrode. Positive slurries use NMP as solvent; graphite slurries are water-based.

Solvent recovery

Condensing the NMP evaporated in the dryer and distilling it for reuse. It is required by law for emissions and makes economic sense, but adds a large plant alongside the coating line.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Current and future lithium-ion battery manufacturing

   Yangtao Liu, Ruihan Zhang, Jun Wang, Yan Wang · iScience · 2021

   Technical reference · Electrode preparation, cell assembly, formation and manufacturing trade-offs.