Capacity fade

Example

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Use in Lemonergy

Separate mechanisms, observations and fitted models.

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Learn it in Lesson 4 · Battery aging →

Connected concepts

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Knee point

The point in a capacity-versus-cycles curve where slow, roughly linear fade turns into rapid loss. It usually marks the onset of lithium plating or electrolyte dry-out, and a cell past its knee is unpredictable and should be retired.

Loss of active material

The degradation mode in which electrode material becomes unable to store lithium: particles crack and lose electronic contact, structures collapse, or transition metals dissolve. It is tracked separately for each electrode.

Loss of lithium inventory

The degradation mode in which cyclable lithium is consumed by side reactions — SEI growth, plating, electrolyte decomposition — and can no longer shuttle between the electrodes. It is the dominant cause of capacity fade in most lithium-ion cells.

State of health

A summary of how far a cell has aged, often expressed through remaining capacity or increased resistance compared with when it was new. By convention a cell has reached end of life at 80 % of its rated capacity.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Lithium ion battery degradation: what you need to know

   Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics · 2021

   Technical reference · Degradation mechanisms, modes, operational effects and their interactions.