SAE J2380

Example

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Module

A group of cells connected in series and parallel, mechanically held together with its own voltage and temperature sensing, built as the unit from which a pack is assembled and serviced. Cell-to-pack designs do away with it.

Battery pack

The complete battery as installed: modules or cells, the BMS, contactors and fuses, busbars, cooling, sensors and an enclosure. Its energy is the sum of its cells’ energies; its mass and volume are a good deal more.

SAE J1797

SAE’s recommended practice describing common designs of electric-vehicle battery modules — dimensions, terminations, retention, venting and other packaging features. It deliberately sets no performance requirements, which SAE handles in separate documents, and has been stabilised since 2016, meaning SAE does not plan to revise it.

SAE J2464 and J2929

SAE’s abuse-test procedure for vehicle battery systems, J2464, and the safety performance criteria for lithium-ion packs, J2929. They are the North American industry practice behind the regulatory tests, and define the familiar mechanical, thermal and electrical abuse sequences.

Vibration and shock test

Shaking a cell or pack on a vibration table to a profile standing for years of road use, and striking it with defined mechanical shocks, then checking for loose connections, leaks and loss of isolation. UN 38.3, R100 and ISO 12405 each specify a profile.

References & further reading

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

1. UN Manual of Tests and Criteria, Revision 8

   United Nations Economic Commission for Europe · 2023

   Topic background · Dangerous-goods classification tests; subsection 38.3 concerns battery transport testing.

2. Manual of Tests and Criteria, Revision 8, Amendment 1

   United Nations Economic Commission for Europe · 2025

   Topic background · Amendments to Revision 8, including changes to battery testing in subsection 38.3.