Protection circuit module

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Make series/parallel architecture explicit.

This is a reference concept. No executable Lemonergy block has been verified for this term.

Connected concepts

Related concepts from the knowledge graph. Connections show context, not cause and effect. Hover or focus a linked term for its definition.

Battery management system

The electronics and software that keep a battery inside its safe window: measuring every cell voltage and many temperatures, estimating SOC and SOH, balancing cells, computing current limits, controlling the contactors and reporting over the vehicle network.

Fuel gauge

The single chip in a phone, laptop or power tool that does the BMS’s state-estimation job for one or a few cells: coulomb counting corrected by an OCV model, with impedance tracking in better parts. It reports remaining capacity over SMBus or I²C.

Over-discharge

Discharging below the lower cutoff voltage. Near 1.5 V the copper current collector begins to dissolve, and on the next charge it can redeposit as metal that shorts the cell, so a deeply discharged cell should not simply be recharged.

Overcharge

Charging past the upper cutoff voltage. The positive electrode over-delithiates and releases oxygen, the electrolyte oxidises and lithium plates on the negative, so an unprotected overcharge can end in thermal runaway.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Getting Started with the BQ76925

   Texas Instruments · 2019

   Technical reference · A concrete BMS analog front-end example: cell voltage, current, temperature measurement and MCU integration.

Further reading on this topic

These sources provide broader context; they are not presented as citations for every statement in this entry.

2. Extended Kalman filtering for battery management systems of LiPB-based HEV battery packs: Part 2. Modeling and identification

   Gregory L. Plett · Journal of Power Sources · 2004

   Topic background · Battery charge balance, open-circuit voltage, ohmic loss, polarization dynamics and model identification; parameters require cell-specific data.