Lithium hexafluorophosphate

Example

Use in Lemonergy

Connect transport with electronic isolation.

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Aluminium foil

The positive current collector, typically 10–15 µm thick. A thin passive film keeps it stable at the high potential of the positive electrode, where copper would corrode.

Dry room

A production room whose air is kept extremely dry — dew points around −30 °C to −60 °C — so that no moisture reaches the cell while the electrolyte goes in. Water would react with the salt LiPF₆ to form hydrofluoric acid.

Hydrofluoric acid

Formed when LiPF₆ electrolyte meets water, or when a fluorinated cell burns. Inside a cell traces of it attack the positive electrode and SEI; in a fire it is the most dangerous component of the vented gas.

Lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide

A salt with higher conductivity and far better thermal and moisture stability than LiPF₆, increasingly blended with it or used in fast-charge and lithium-metal electrolytes. Its drawback is corrosion of aluminium at high voltage unless LiPF₆ is also present.

Lithium salt

The dissolved salt that supplies the mobile lithium ions in a liquid electrolyte, almost always lithium hexafluorophosphate, LiPF₆, at about one mole per litre. It reacts with traces of water to form hydrofluoric acid, which is why cells are filled in a dry room.

References & further reading

Technical references

1. Electrolytes and Interphases in Li-Ion Batteries and Beyond

   Kang Xu · Chemical Reviews · 2014

   Technical reference · Electrolyte salts, solvents, additives and electrode interphases.