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        "definition": "Measuring a cell inside its working environment rather than after taking it apart (ex situ): in situ means within the cell or its surroundings, operando means while it is actually charging or discharging. Operando methods catch transient states, such as phases or plated lithium that vanish during rest or disassembly.",
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      "id": "reference:xiang-characterization",
      "type": "Reference",
      "label": "Advanced characterization techniques for solid state lithium battery research",
      "properties": {
        "title": "Advanced characterization techniques for solid state lithium battery research",
        "publisher": "Materials Today",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2020.01.018",
        "type": "Review article",
        "scope": "X-ray, solid-state NMR and neutron methods in solid-state battery research.",
        "year": 2020,
        "authors": [
          "Yuxuan Xiang",
          "Xia Li",
          "Yongqiang Cheng",
          "Xueliang Sun",
          "Yong Yang"
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}