{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:wire-bonding",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Wire bonding",
    "properties": {
      "id": "wire-bonding",
      "name": "Wire bonding",
      "aka": [
        "wire bond",
        "fusible link"
      ],
      "section": "topic-manufacturing",
      "definition": "Connecting each cell terminal to a busbar or collector plate with a thin aluminium wire, often a few hundred micrometres thick, attached ultrasonically at both ends. The wire can be sized to act as a fuse, so a cell that shorts internally is cut off from its parallel neighbours; Tesla’s cylindrical-cell packs are the best-known example.",
      "related": [
        "ultrasonic-welding",
        "busbar",
        "fuse",
        "cylindrical-cell",
        "series-parallel"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/wire-bonding/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:4898",
      "source": "term:wire-bonding",
      "target": "topic:topic-manufacturing",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4899",
      "source": "term:wire-bonding",
      "target": "term:ultrasonic-welding",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4900",
      "source": "term:wire-bonding",
      "target": "term:busbar",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4901",
      "source": "term:wire-bonding",
      "target": "term:fuse",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4902",
      "source": "term:wire-bonding",
      "target": "term:cylindrical-cell",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4903",
      "source": "term:wire-bonding",
      "target": "term:series-parallel",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-manufacturing",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Manufacturing",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-manufacturing",
        "name": "Manufacturing",
        "lede": "The steps that turn powders and foils into a finished cell, in production order.",
        "context": "Place operations and quality checks in process order.",
        "example": "An electrode can meet coating mass targets but fail adhesion or moisture checks later.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-production/",
        "lesson_label": "Open production"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:ultrasonic-welding",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Ultrasonic welding",
      "properties": {
        "id": "ultrasonic-welding",
        "name": "Ultrasonic welding",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Joining metals by pressing them together and vibrating one part at ultrasonic frequency, so friction scrubs the surfaces clean and bonds them below the melting point. It is the standard way to weld stacks of thin aluminium and copper foil.",
        "related": [
          "tab-welding",
          "laser-welding",
          "tab"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/ultrasonic-welding/",
        "mentions": [
          "copper-foil"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:busbar",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Busbar",
      "properties": {
        "id": "busbar",
        "name": "Busbar",
        "section": "topic-pack",
        "definition": "A rigid copper or aluminium conductor that joins cell terminals into series and parallel groups, and modules into the pack. Its cross-section is sized for current and heating, and its joints — welded or bolted — are a classic source of resistance and failure.",
        "related": [
          "series-parallel",
          "terminal",
          "laser-welding",
          "internal-resistance",
          "wire-bonding"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/busbar/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:fuse",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Fuse",
      "properties": {
        "id": "fuse",
        "name": "Fuse",
        "section": "topic-hvsafety",
        "definition": "A link that melts and opens the circuit when current exceeds its rating. Packs use a main fuse in the high-voltage path and often a small fuse on each parallel cell connection, so one shorted cell does not drain its neighbours into the fault.",
        "related": [
          "external-short-circuit",
          "pyrofuse",
          "battery-disconnect-unit",
          "series-parallel",
          "cell-level-fuse"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/fuse/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:cylindrical-cell",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Cylindrical cell",
      "properties": {
        "id": "cylindrical-cell",
        "name": "Cylindrical cell",
        "aka": [
          "18650",
          "21700",
          "4680"
        ],
        "section": "topic-chemistries",
        "definition": "A cell made by winding the electrodes into a jelly roll and sealing it in a round metal can. Sizes are named by their dimensions: a 21700 cell is 21 mm across and 70 mm long.",
        "related": [
          "jelly-roll",
          "can",
          "tabless-design",
          "prismatic-cell",
          "pouch-cell",
          "centre-pin"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#formats",
        "example": {
          "title": "Shape versus ratings",
          "text": "A cylindrical shape does not supply the model’s capacity, resistance or voltage limits; those belong to the actual cell."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/cylindrical-cell/",
        "mentions": [
          "winding"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:series-parallel",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Series and parallel connection",
      "properties": {
        "id": "series-parallel",
        "name": "Series and parallel connection",
        "aka": [
          "xSyP"
        ],
        "section": "topic-pack",
        "definition": "Cells in series add their voltages; cells in parallel add their capacities and share current. A pack is described as, for example, 96s4p: 96 groups in series, each of 4 cells in parallel. Series strings need balancing; parallel groups self-balance through their shared terminals.",
        "formula": "V = n_s·V_cell, Q = n_p·Q_cell",
        "related": [
          "module",
          "cell-balancing",
          "pack-voltage",
          "volt",
          "fuse"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-basics/#cell-module-pack",
        "example": {
          "title": "Assemble an ideal 4s2p pack",
          "text": "Eight identical 3.6 V, 5 Ah cells arranged as four series groups with two cells in parallel give 14.4 V nominal, 10 Ah and 144 Wh. Interconnect losses, cell variation and usable voltage limits are additional constraints."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/series-parallel/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    }
  ]
}