{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:un-r100",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "UN Regulation No. 100",
    "properties": {
      "id": "un-r100",
      "name": "UN Regulation No. 100",
      "abbr": "R100",
      "aka": [
        "ECE R100",
        "UN ECE R100"
      ],
      "section": "topic-standards-vehicle",
      "definition": "The UNECE type-approval regulation for the electric powertrain of cars, buses and trucks, covering protection against electric shock and, in part II, the rechargeable energy storage system itself. A vehicle sold in the EU and most of the world must carry an R100 approval for its battery.",
      "related": [
        "un-r100-part-2",
        "un-r100-03",
        "gtr-20",
        "rechargeable-energy-storage-system",
        "insulation-resistance",
        "high-voltage-interlock"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/un-r100/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:3673",
      "source": "term:un-r100",
      "target": "topic:topic-standards-vehicle",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3674",
      "source": "term:un-r100",
      "target": "term:un-r100-part-2",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3675",
      "source": "term:un-r100",
      "target": "term:un-r100-03",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3676",
      "source": "term:un-r100",
      "target": "term:gtr-20",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3677",
      "source": "term:un-r100",
      "target": "term:rechargeable-energy-storage-system",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3678",
      "source": "term:un-r100",
      "target": "term:insulation-resistance",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3679",
      "source": "term:un-r100",
      "target": "term:high-voltage-interlock",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-standards-vehicle",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Vehicle and transport standards",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-standards-vehicle",
        "name": "Vehicle and transport standards",
        "lede": "The regulations and standards a vehicle battery must meet to be approved, and the rules for shipping batteries by road, sea and air.",
        "context": "Check issuing organization, edition, scope and market.",
        "example": "Shipping tests and vehicle battery approval tests address different uses; passing one does not automatically satisfy another.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/battery-basics/",
        "lesson_label": "Open battery basics"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:un-r100-part-2",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "R100 Part II",
      "properties": {
        "id": "un-r100-part-2",
        "name": "R100 Part II",
        "aka": [
          "REESS tests",
          "R100 Annex 8"
        ],
        "section": "topic-standards-vehicle",
        "definition": "The part of UN R100 that tests the battery system as a unit: vibration, thermal shock and cycling, mechanical shock and crash impact, fire resistance, external short circuit, overcharge and over-discharge protection, over-temperature protection and, from the 03 series, thermal propagation. Each test ends with a check that there is no fire, explosion, electrolyte leakage or loss of isolation.",
        "related": [
          "un-r100",
          "un-r100-03",
          "abuse-testing",
          "propagation-test",
          "insulation-resistance"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/un-r100-part-2/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "overcharge",
          "over-discharge",
          "thermal-propagation",
          "external-short-circuit",
          "short-circuit"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:un-r100-03",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "R100.03",
      "properties": {
        "id": "un-r100-03",
        "name": "R100.03",
        "aka": [
          "R100 03 series",
          "R100 series of amendments 03"
        ],
        "section": "topic-standards-vehicle",
        "definition": "The third series of amendments to UN R100, in force for new vehicle types from 2023. It added the thermal-propagation requirement — a warning to occupants at least five minutes before a hazardous event in the cabin, aligned with GTR 20 — plus documentation of the battery’s safe-state behaviour and a low-energy exemption for small systems.",
        "related": [
          "un-r100",
          "un-r100-part-2",
          "gtr-20",
          "thermal-propagation",
          "propagation-test"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/un-r100-03/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:gtr-20",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "GTR 20",
      "properties": {
        "id": "gtr-20",
        "name": "GTR 20",
        "aka": [
          "UN GTR No. 20",
          "EVS-GTR"
        ],
        "section": "topic-standards-vehicle",
        "definition": "The UN Global Technical Regulation on electric vehicle safety, the basis of national rules in Europe, China, Japan and elsewhere. Its thermal propagation clause requires a warning to occupants at least five minutes before a hazardous condition in the cabin.",
        "related": [
          "propagation-test",
          "thermal-propagation",
          "iec-62660",
          "un-r100-03"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/gtr-20/",
        "mentions": [
          "electric-vehicle"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:rechargeable-energy-storage-system",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Rechargeable energy storage system",
      "properties": {
        "id": "rechargeable-energy-storage-system",
        "name": "Rechargeable energy storage system",
        "abbr": "REESS",
        "section": "topic-standards-vehicle",
        "definition": "The regulatory name, in UN R100 and GTR 20, for the whole traction battery as installed: cells, housing, management electronics, connectors and cooling. Tests apply to the REESS as a unit, which is why a cell approval alone is not a vehicle approval.",
        "related": [
          "un-r100",
          "pack",
          "bms",
          "gtr-20"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/rechargeable-energy-storage-system/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:insulation-resistance",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Insulation resistance",
      "properties": {
        "id": "insulation-resistance",
        "name": "Insulation resistance",
        "aka": [
          "isolation resistance",
          "IMD"
        ],
        "section": "topic-hvsafety",
        "definition": "The resistance between the high-voltage circuit and the vehicle chassis, which must stay above about 100 Ω per volt of pack voltage so a person touching the chassis is safe. An insulation monitoring device measures it continuously.",
        "unit": "Ω/V",
        "related": [
          "pack-voltage",
          "high-voltage-interlock",
          "functional-safety",
          "insulation-test"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/insulation-resistance/",
        "mentions": [
          "volt"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:high-voltage-interlock",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "High-voltage interlock loop",
      "properties": {
        "id": "high-voltage-interlock",
        "name": "High-voltage interlock loop",
        "abbr": "HVIL",
        "section": "topic-hvsafety",
        "definition": "A low-voltage signal loop threaded through every high-voltage connector and cover. Opening any of them breaks the loop and the BMS drops the contactors, so a technician cannot reach a live conductor.",
        "related": [
          "contactor",
          "pack-voltage",
          "insulation-resistance",
          "functional-safety"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/high-voltage-interlock/",
        "mentions": [
          "bms"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}