{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Ultrasonic cell testing",
    "properties": {
      "id": "ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "name": "Ultrasonic cell testing",
      "aka": [
        "acoustic testing",
        "acoustic time-of-flight",
        "ultrasound inspection"
      ],
      "section": "topic-testing",
      "definition": "Sending ultrasound pulses through a cell and tracking how their travel time and amplitude change. Electrode stiffness and density shift with lithiation, so the signal follows state of charge, while gas pockets and dry regions block sound — making it a way to map electrolyte wetting after filling and to detect gassing and lithium plating.",
      "related": [
        "wetting",
        "gas-generation",
        "state-of-charge",
        "lithium-plating",
        "end-of-line-testing"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/ultrasonic-cell-testing/",
      "mentions": [
        "electrode",
        "electrolyte",
        "calcination"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:5517",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "topic:topic-testing",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5518",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "term:wetting",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5519",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "term:gas-generation",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5520",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "term:state-of-charge",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5521",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "term:lithium-plating",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5522",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "term:end-of-line-testing",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/ultrasonic-cell-testing/electrode",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "term:electrode",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/ultrasonic-cell-testing/electrolyte",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/ultrasonic-cell-testing/calcination",
      "source": "term:ultrasonic-cell-testing",
      "target": "term:calcination",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-testing",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Testing methods",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-testing",
        "name": "Testing methods",
        "lede": "The measurements and test procedures that characterise a cell or pack, from capacity and pulse tests to abuse and environmental tests.",
        "context": "Record specimen, state, instrument, temperature and timing.",
        "example": "Resistance immediately after a current step can differ from a ten-second value because slower polarization contributes.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open capacity measurements"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:wetting",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Wetting",
      "properties": {
        "id": "wetting",
        "name": "Wetting",
        "aka": [
          "soaking"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The soaking of electrolyte into every pore of the electrodes and separator after filling. It can take hours or more; a pore left dry is electrode area that never works properly.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte-filling",
          "porosity",
          "formation",
          "electrolyte-dry-out",
          "ultrasonic-cell-testing"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#assembly",
        "example": {
          "title": "Added volume is not penetration",
          "text": "The intended electrolyte mass can be present before every pore is wetted. Time and pore connectivity affect penetration."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/wetting/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "separator",
          "electrolyte"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:gas-generation",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Gas generation",
      "properties": {
        "id": "gas-generation",
        "name": "Gas generation",
        "aka": [
          "gassing"
        ],
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Formation of gases — ethylene, hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide — by electrolyte decomposition, mostly during formation and later under high voltage or temperature. In a pouch cell it shows as swelling; in a can it raises pressure until the vent opens.",
        "related": [
          "swelling",
          "degassing",
          "electrolyte-decomposition",
          "vent",
          "formation"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#gas",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/gas-generation/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "pouch-cell"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:state-of-charge",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "State of charge",
      "properties": {
        "id": "state-of-charge",
        "name": "State of charge",
        "abbr": "SOC",
        "section": "topic-state",
        "definition": "How full a cell is, as a fraction of its available capacity. State of charge, like temperature, affects how fast a stored cell ages.",
        "unit": "%",
        "related": [
          "depth-of-discharge",
          "ocv-soc-curve",
          "coulomb-counting",
          "state-of-health",
          "bms"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#storage-soc",
        "example": {
          "title": "Interpret a charge inventory",
          "text": "If available capacity is 5 Ah and 3 Ah remains by the chosen estimator, SOC is 60%. A different estimate of available capacity changes this percentage, so compare SOC values only with the capacity convention recorded."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/state-of-charge/",
        "mentions": [
          "usable-capacity"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:lithium-plating",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Lithium plating",
      "properties": {
        "id": "lithium-plating",
        "name": "Lithium plating",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Lithium metal depositing on the negative-electrode surface instead of intercalating into it. It is promoted by charging at low temperature or high current.",
        "related": [
          "dendrite",
          "fast-charging",
          "intercalation",
          "np-ratio",
          "dead-lithium",
          "electrodeposition"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#plating",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lithium-plating/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:end-of-line-testing",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "End-of-line testing",
      "properties": {
        "id": "end-of-line-testing",
        "name": "End-of-line testing",
        "abbr": "EOL test",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The final measurements on every finished cell — capacity, internal resistance and open-circuit voltage — used to reject faulty cells and sort good ones into matched grades.",
        "related": [
          "grading",
          "capacity-test",
          "k-value",
          "cell-finishing"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#finishing",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/end-of-line-testing/",
        "mentions": [
          "internal-resistance",
          "open-circuit-voltage"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrode",
        "name": "Electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.",
        "related": [
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "porous-electrode",
          "current-collector"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components",
        "example": {
          "title": "Two transport paths",
          "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrolyte",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrolyte",
        "name": "Electrolyte",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "The ion-conducting medium between the electrodes. In a liquid-electrolyte cell it fills the pores of both electrodes and the separator, so it is not a separate structural layer.",
        "related": [
          "lithium-salt",
          "carbonate-solvent",
          "electrolyte-additive",
          "ionic-conductivity",
          "solid-electrolyte",
          "ionic-liquid-electrolyte"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#electrolyte",
        "example": {
          "title": "Ions and electrons",
          "text": "Electrolyte carries ions between electrodes; the external circuit carries electrons. The two paths serve different roles."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte/",
        "mentions": [
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:calcination",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Calcination",
      "properties": {
        "id": "calcination",
        "name": "Calcination",
        "aka": [
          "lithiation",
          "sintering of CAM"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Firing the precursor with a lithium source — lithium carbonate or, for high-nickel materials, lithium hydroxide — at 700–900 °C in kilns to form the layered oxide. Atmosphere and temperature profile control the crystal quality.",
        "related": [
          "precursor",
          "cathode-active-material",
          "lithium-hydroxide",
          "lithium-carbonate"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/calcination/",
        "mentions": [
          "layered-oxide"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}