{
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      "section": "topic-standards-stationary",
      "definition": "A test method, not a pass/fail standard, that characterises thermal runaway and propagation in stationary storage at cell, module, unit and installation level. Fire codes use its data to decide spacing and suppression for a storage site.",
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      "type": "relatedTo",
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      "id": "edge:mentions/ul-9540a/thermal-runaway",
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      "label": "Stationary, industrial and product standards",
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        "name": "Stationary, industrial and product standards",
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        "mentions": []
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        "mentions": []
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      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Thermal propagation test",
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        "name": "Thermal propagation test",
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        "definition": "Triggering thermal runaway in one cell of a module or pack — by heater, nail or overcharge — and measuring whether and how fast it spreads. Regulations now require at least a warning period, five minutes in several markets, before the cabin is at risk.",
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        "mentions": []
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      "id": "term:thermal-runaway",
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        "name": "Thermal runaway",
        "section": "topic-safety",
        "definition": "Self-accelerating heating in a cell: heat speeds up reactions that release more heat, until the cell vents, catches fire or ruptures. An internal short, overcharge or external heating can trigger it.",
        "related": [
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          "thermal-propagation",
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        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#short-circuit",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/thermal-runaway/",
        "mentions": [
          "overcharge"
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}