{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:trickle-charge",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Trickle and float charging",
    "properties": {
      "id": "trickle-charge",
      "name": "Trickle and float charging",
      "section": "topic-charging",
      "definition": "Holding a battery at a small current, or a fixed voltage, to keep it full. It is standard for lead–acid and NiMH but harmful for lithium-ion, which should be left to rest once charged; lithium-ion chargers instead top up when the voltage sags.",
      "related": [
        "lead-acid",
        "overcharge",
        "calendar-aging",
        "slow-charging"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/trickle-charge/",
      "mentions": [
        "nickel-metal-hydride"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:82",
      "source": "term:trickle-charge",
      "target": "workflow:low-current-maintenance",
      "type": "usedIn",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "wiki-blocks.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1160",
      "source": "term:trickle-charge",
      "target": "topic:topic-charging",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1161",
      "source": "term:trickle-charge",
      "target": "term:lead-acid",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1162",
      "source": "term:trickle-charge",
      "target": "term:overcharge",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1163",
      "source": "term:trickle-charge",
      "target": "term:calendar-aging",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1164",
      "source": "term:trickle-charge",
      "target": "term:slow-charging",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/trickle-charge/nickel-metal-hydride",
      "source": "term:trickle-charge",
      "target": "term:nickel-metal-hydride",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "workflow:low-current-maintenance",
      "type": "Workflow",
      "label": "Separate low current from float",
      "properties": {
        "id": "low-current-maintenance",
        "title": "Separate low current from float",
        "kind": "studio",
        "summary": "Bounded lithium charging and lead-acid maintenance are distinct.",
        "steps": [
          "Inspect the explicit chemistry setting.",
          "Observe CV taper followed by lower float voltage."
        ],
        "example": "The authored lead-acid example uses 14.4 V charging and 13.6 V float ceilings to expose different states.",
        "observe": "Precharge, completion and maintenance are different.",
        "limits": "These effective parameters are not a recipe. Lithium-ion does not use indefinite trickle or lead-acid float.",
        "url": "https://design.lemonergy.com/cosim.html?example=charging-maintenance",
        "label": "Open the Studio example",
        "evidence": [
          "js/charging-control.js",
          "js/charging-scenarios.js",
          "docs/CHARGING_BLOCKS_SPEC.md"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-charging",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Charging and discharging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-charging",
        "name": "Charging and discharging",
        "lede": "How current goes in and comes out, and the limits that stop it.",
        "context": "Separate regulation from availability.",
        "example": "The same CC–CV law can operate overnight or during a short depot stop.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open charging quantities"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:lead-acid",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Lead–acid battery",
      "properties": {
        "id": "lead-acid",
        "name": "Lead–acid battery",
        "section": "topic-other-chemistries",
        "definition": "The oldest rechargeable chemistry, lead and lead dioxide electrodes in sulfuric acid, at 2 V per cell. Heavy and short-lived in deep cycling but cheap, recyclable and good at cold cranking, it still starts most cars and backs up most telecom sites.",
        "related": [
          "nominal-voltage",
          "recycling",
          "specific-energy"
        ],
        "lesson": "labs/battery-materials-lab/#bml-market",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lead-acid/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:overcharge",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Overcharge",
      "properties": {
        "id": "overcharge",
        "name": "Overcharge",
        "section": "topic-charging",
        "definition": "Charging past the upper cutoff voltage. The positive electrode over-delithiates and releases oxygen, the electrolyte oxidises and lithium plates on the negative, so an unprotected overcharge can end in thermal runaway.",
        "related": [
          "cutoff-voltage",
          "thermal-runaway",
          "bms",
          "overcharge-test",
          "electrolyte-decomposition"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/overcharge/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "electrolyte"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:calendar-aging",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Calendar aging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "calendar-aging",
        "name": "Calendar aging",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Degradation that happens with time even when a cell is not cycled — in storage, for example. It is driven mainly by side reactions such as SEI growth and accelerates with temperature.",
        "related": [
          "cycle-aging",
          "sei",
          "arrhenius",
          "square-root-of-time",
          "calendar-life"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#whole-cell",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/calendar-aging/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:slow-charging",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "AC slow charging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "slow-charging",
        "name": "AC slow charging",
        "aka": [
          "overnight charging",
          "destination charging",
          "Level 2"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "Charging through the vehicle’s onboard charger from an AC socket or wallbox, at a few kilowatts up to 22 kW. It takes hours, keeps the cells cool and gently loaded, and is how most private cars are charged.",
        "related": [
          "onboard-charger",
          "charging-modes",
          "depot-charging",
          "sae-j1772"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/slow-charging/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger",
          "evse"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:nickel-metal-hydride",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Nickel–metal hydride battery",
      "properties": {
        "id": "nickel-metal-hydride",
        "name": "Nickel–metal hydride battery",
        "abbr": "NiMH",
        "section": "topic-other-chemistries",
        "definition": "A 1.2 V aqueous cell with a nickel hydroxide positive electrode and a hydrogen-absorbing alloy negative. It powered hybrid cars for two decades and is tolerant of abuse, but lithium-ion stores two to three times more energy per kilogram.",
        "related": [
          "hybrid-vehicle",
          "memory-effect",
          "specific-energy",
          "bipolar-battery",
          "nickel-hydrogen"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/nickel-metal-hydride/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "positive-electrode"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}