{ "node": { "id": "term:state-of-certified-energy", "type": "Term", "label": "State of certified energy", "properties": { "id": "state-of-certified-energy", "name": "State of certified energy", "abbr": "SOCE", "section": "topic-state", "definition": "A vehicle battery’s present usable energy, read from the on-board monitor, as a percentage of the usable energy certified when new. UN GTR 22 requires at least 80 % after 5 years or 100 000 km and 70 % after 8 years or 160 000 km; Euro 7 raises the second figure to 72 % for cars.", "formula": "SOCE = E_usable,now / E_usable,certified × 100 %", "unit": "%", "related": [ "state-of-health", "state-of-energy", "warranty", "usable-capacity", "electric-vehicle" ], "example": { "title": "Compare retained and certified usable energy", "text": "A battery delivering 54 kWh in the relevant assessment against a 60 kWh certified reference has SOCE = 90%. Keep the required assessment conditions and reference definition consistent." }, "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/state-of-certified-energy/", "mentions": [] } }, "edges": [ { "id": "edge:6488", "source": "term:state-of-certified-energy", "target": "topic:topic-state", "type": "belongsTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json" } }, { "id": "edge:6489", "source": "term:state-of-certified-energy", "target": "term:state-of-health", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6490", "source": "term:state-of-certified-energy", "target": "term:state-of-energy", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6491", "source": "term:state-of-certified-energy", "target": "term:warranty", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6492", "source": "term:state-of-certified-energy", "target": "term:usable-capacity", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6493", "source": "term:state-of-certified-energy", "target": "term:electric-vehicle", "type": "relatedTo", "properties": { "sourceFile": "terms.json", "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim" } }, { "id": "edge:6494", "source": "term:state-of-certified-energy", "target": "visual:energy-state", "type": "illustratedBy", "properties": { "sourceFile": "visual-pages.json" } } ], "neighbors": [ { "id": "topic:topic-state", "type": "Topic", "label": "State estimation", "properties": { "id": "topic-state", "name": "State estimation", "lede": "The quantities a battery management system estimates but cannot measure directly.", "context": "Distinguish internal states from noisy measurement estimates.", "example": "Current-sensor bias accumulates in coulomb counting. Exact model SOC does not establish real estimator accuracy.", "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/", "lesson_label": "Open charge balance" } }, { "id": "term:state-of-health", "type": "Term", "label": "State of health", "properties": { "id": "state-of-health", "name": "State of health", "abbr": "SOH", "section": "topic-state", "definition": "A summary of how far a cell has aged, often expressed through remaining capacity or increased resistance compared with when it was new. By convention a cell has reached end of life at 80 % of its rated capacity.", "unit": "%", "related": [ "capacity-fade", "impedance-rise", "end-of-life", "remaining-useful-life", "state-of-charge", "state-of-certified-energy" ], "lesson": "fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/#real-cells", "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/state-of-health/", "mentions": [ "nominal-capacity" ] } }, { "id": "term:state-of-energy", "type": "Term", "label": "State of energy", "properties": { "id": "state-of-energy", "name": "State of energy", "abbr": "SOE", "section": "topic-state", "definition": "Remaining energy as a fraction of total energy, which differs from state of charge because the voltage falls as a cell empties. It is the quantity behind a range estimate, and is harder to estimate than SOC.", "unit": "%", "related": [ "state-of-charge", "nominal-energy", "range" ], "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/state-of-energy/", "mentions": [] } }, { "id": "term:warranty", "type": "Term", "label": "Battery warranty", "properties": { "id": "warranty", "name": "Battery warranty", "section": "topic-applications", "definition": "The manufacturer’s guarantee of capacity retention over time, for electric cars typically 70 % after 8 years or 160 000 km. It is written against state of health as the BMS reports it, which makes the SOH algorithm a contractual matter.", "related": [ "state-of-health", "end-of-life", "calendar-life", "cycle-life", "throughput-limiting" ], "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/warranty/", "mentions": [ "bms", "state-of-capacity" ] } }, { "id": "term:usable-capacity", "type": "Term", "label": "Usable capacity", "properties": { "id": "usable-capacity", "name": "Usable capacity", "aka": [ "available capacity" ], "section": "topic-ratings", "definition": "The part of a cell’s capacity that a system actually lets it use, after the BMS reserves margins at the top and bottom of the state-of-charge window. An electric-car pack may use 90–95 % of its gross capacity.", "related": [ "nominal-capacity", "depth-of-discharge", "state-of-charge", "bms" ], "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/usable-capacity/", "mentions": [] } }, { "id": "term:electric-vehicle", "type": "Term", "label": "Electric vehicle", "properties": { "id": "electric-vehicle", "name": "Electric vehicle", "abbr": "EV", "aka": [ "BEV", "battery electric vehicle" ], "section": "topic-applications", "definition": "A vehicle driven by an electric motor from a battery charged from the grid. A battery electric vehicle has no engine; it is the largest market for lithium-ion cells and the driver of most pack technology.", "related": [ "hybrid-vehicle", "range", "pack", "regenerative-braking", "maritime-battery", "industrial-vehicle-battery" ], "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electric-vehicle/", "mentions": [] } }, { "id": "visual:energy-state", "type": "Visual", "label": "Stored energy versus retained energy capacity", "properties": { "title": "Stored energy versus retained energy capacity", "summary": "State of energy describes the energy currently available; certified-energy retention compares maximum usable energy with its original certified value.", "readout": "Certified energy is 100 Wh; current maximum is 80 Wh, so SOCE is 80%. When half that current maximum is stored, SOE is 50% regardless of the SOCE value.", "formula": "SOE = E_available / E_max,now; SOCE = E_max,now / E_certified", "note": "Both ratios need stated reference conditions. Usable energy depends on temperature, load, voltage limits and the measurement method.", "software": { "status": "reference", "label": "Reference concept", "body": "This example uses 100 Wh certified energy and varies the current usable-energy capacity. It does not claim a regulatory assessment or an onboard energy estimator.", "href": "../fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/#energy" }, "html": "
Two different energy ratios
Two different energy ratiosCurrently available energy (Wh) versus Energy ratio (%). SOE: available / current maximum; SOCE: maximum / certified. Interpretation follows the graphs.00252550507575100100Currently available energy (Wh)Energy ratio (%)
SOE: available / current maximumSOCE: maximum / certified (dashed)
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