{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:solvent-recovery",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Solvent recovery",
    "properties": {
      "id": "solvent-recovery",
      "name": "Solvent recovery",
      "section": "topic-manufacturing",
      "definition": "Condensing the NMP evaporated in the dryer and distilling it for reuse. It is required by law for emissions and makes economic sense, but adds a large plant alongside the coating line.",
      "related": [
        "nmp",
        "drying",
        "dry-electrode"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/solvent-recovery/",
      "mentions": [
        "coating"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:2311",
      "source": "term:solvent-recovery",
      "target": "topic:topic-manufacturing",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2312",
      "source": "term:solvent-recovery",
      "target": "term:nmp",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2313",
      "source": "term:solvent-recovery",
      "target": "term:drying",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2314",
      "source": "term:solvent-recovery",
      "target": "term:dry-electrode",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/solvent-recovery/coating",
      "source": "term:solvent-recovery",
      "target": "term:coating",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
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    {
      "id": "edge:2316",
      "source": "term:solvent-recovery",
      "target": "reference:liu-manufacturing",
      "type": "cites",
      "properties": {
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        "scope": "direct technical reference"
      }
    }
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    {
      "id": "topic:topic-manufacturing",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Manufacturing",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-manufacturing",
        "name": "Manufacturing",
        "lede": "The steps that turn powders and foils into a finished cell, in production order.",
        "context": "Place operations and quality checks in process order.",
        "example": "An electrode can meet coating mass targets but fail adhesion or moisture checks later.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-production/",
        "lesson_label": "Open production"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:nmp",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "NMP",
      "properties": {
        "id": "nmp",
        "name": "NMP",
        "aka": [
          "N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The solvent that dissolves PVDF binder for positive-electrode slurries. It is toxic and regulated, so plants recover and distil nearly all of it; eliminating it is a main motivation for dry electrode processes.",
        "related": [
          "pvdf",
          "slurry",
          "solvent-recovery",
          "dry-electrode"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/nmp/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "binder"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:drying",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Drying",
      "properties": {
        "id": "drying",
        "name": "Drying",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Evaporating the solvent from the wet coating in an oven tens of metres long. Drying too fast drives binder to the surface and weakens adhesion to the foil; it is the most energy-hungry step in the plant.",
        "related": [
          "coating",
          "nmp",
          "solvent-recovery",
          "binder-migration",
          "calendering"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#electrodes",
        "example": {
          "title": "Identify what the measurement proves",
          "text": "Final coating mass alone does not prove uniform binder distribution or acceptable residual moisture."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/drying/",
        "mentions": [
          "binder"
        ]
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    },
    {
      "id": "term:dry-electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Dry electrode process",
      "properties": {
        "id": "dry-electrode",
        "name": "Dry electrode process",
        "aka": [
          "dry coating",
          "solvent-free electrode"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "A way of making electrodes without solvent: the powders are mixed with a binder that draws out into fine fibres under shear, and the resulting film is pressed onto the foil. It removes the slurry, the dryer and solvent recovery.",
        "related": [
          "ptfe",
          "nmp",
          "drying",
          "coating"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#electrodes",
        "example": {
          "title": "Keep process scope clear",
          "text": "A solvent-free electrode step does not make every other assembly and finishing step solvent-free or unnecessary."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/dry-electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "binder",
          "slurry",
          "solvent-recovery"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:coating",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Coating",
      "properties": {
        "id": "coating",
        "name": "Coating",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Applying slurry to the moving foil at a controlled wet thickness, usually with a slot die, often on both sides. Coating weight per area must be held within about one percent across the web, because every downstream property depends on it.",
        "related": [
          "slot-die",
          "areal-loading",
          "drying",
          "electrode-manufacturing"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#electrodes",
        "example": {
          "title": "Wet and dry thickness differ",
          "text": "Wet coating includes solvent. Dry thickness also depends on retained solids and resulting structure."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/coating/",
        "mentions": [
          "slurry"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "reference:liu-manufacturing",
      "type": "Reference",
      "label": "Current and future lithium-ion battery manufacturing",
      "properties": {
        "title": "Current and future lithium-ion battery manufacturing",
        "publisher": "iScience",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isci.2021.102332",
        "type": "Review article",
        "scope": "Electrode preparation, cell assembly, formation and manufacturing trade-offs.",
        "year": 2021,
        "authors": [
          "Yangtao Liu",
          "Ruihan Zhang",
          "Jun Wang",
          "Yan Wang"
        ],
        "accessed": "2026-10-27"
      }
    }
  ]
}