{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:self-healing-binder",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Self-healing binder",
    "properties": {
      "id": "self-healing-binder",
      "name": "Self-healing binder",
      "aka": [
        "self-healing polymer binder",
        "dynamic binder"
      ],
      "section": "topic-components",
      "definition": "A binder made of polymers with reversible bonds — hydrogen bonds, disulfide links or host–guest pairs — that re-form after the network tears. It targets silicon and other alloying anodes, whose particles swell by up to 300 % and crack ordinary binders; a 2013 study showed such a polymer keeping silicon microparticle electrodes cycling far longer.",
      "related": [
        "binder",
        "silicon-anode",
        "alloying",
        "particle-cracking",
        "binder-degradation",
        "paa"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/self-healing-binder/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:5785",
      "source": "term:self-healing-binder",
      "target": "topic:topic-components",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5786",
      "source": "term:self-healing-binder",
      "target": "term:binder",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5787",
      "source": "term:self-healing-binder",
      "target": "term:silicon-anode",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5788",
      "source": "term:self-healing-binder",
      "target": "term:alloying",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5789",
      "source": "term:self-healing-binder",
      "target": "term:particle-cracking",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5790",
      "source": "term:self-healing-binder",
      "target": "term:binder-degradation",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5791",
      "source": "term:self-healing-binder",
      "target": "term:paa",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-components",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Cell components and electrode materials",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-components",
        "name": "Cell components and electrode materials",
        "lede": "What a cell is physically made of — active materials, binders, additives, foils and tabs — and how its electrodes are put together.",
        "context": "Connect each material with its function.",
        "example": "Electrons travel through additive, foil and tab; ions use electrolyte and separator pathways.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-anatomy/",
        "lesson_label": "Open cell anatomy"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:binder",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Binder",
      "properties": {
        "id": "binder",
        "name": "Binder",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A polymer that holds electrode particles to each other and to the foil — typically PVDF for positive electrodes and CMC with SBR for graphite. It stores no charge, so cell designers use as little as the electrode needs.",
        "related": [
          "active-material",
          "conductive-additive",
          "slurry",
          "pvdf",
          "nmp",
          "paa"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#composite",
        "example": {
          "title": "Balance coating functions",
          "text": "Increasing binder fraction at fixed coating mass leaves less mass for active material and conductive additive. Adhesion and capacity are separate design considerations."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/binder/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "graphite",
          "cmc",
          "sbr"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:silicon-anode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Silicon anode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "silicon-anode",
        "name": "Silicon anode",
        "aka": [
          "silicon-graphite",
          "SiOx"
        ],
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A negative electrode that uses silicon, which alloys with lithium and stores roughly ten times more charge per gram than graphite but swells by up to 300 %. Today it is blended into graphite at a few percent to limit the swelling.",
        "related": [
          "graphite",
          "alloying",
          "particle-cracking",
          "swelling",
          "self-healing-binder"
        ],
        "example": {
          "title": "Read the mixture basis",
          "text": "A silicon-containing electrode may be a blend rather than pure silicon. A silicon percentage needs a clear mass basis."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/silicon-anode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "negative-electrode"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:alloying",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Alloying reaction",
      "properties": {
        "id": "alloying",
        "name": "Alloying reaction",
        "section": "topic-electrochemistry",
        "definition": "An electrode mechanism in which lithium forms an alloy with the host, as it does with silicon, tin or aluminium. It stores far more lithium per atom than intercalation at the cost of volume changes of several hundred percent.",
        "related": [
          "silicon-anode",
          "intercalation",
          "conversion-reaction",
          "particle-cracking",
          "tin-anode"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/alloying/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:particle-cracking",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Particle cracking",
      "properties": {
        "id": "particle-cracking",
        "name": "Particle cracking",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Fracture of active-material particles from the volume change of repeated lithium insertion and removal. New surfaces consume electrolyte to form fresh SEI, and fragments that lose contact no longer store lithium.",
        "related": [
          "cycle-aging",
          "loss-of-active-material",
          "silicon-anode",
          "single-crystal",
          "depth-of-discharge"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#cracking",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/particle-cracking/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "sei"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:binder-degradation",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Binder degradation",
      "properties": {
        "id": "binder-degradation",
        "name": "Binder degradation",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Loss of the binder’s ability to hold particles to each other and to the foil, from swelling in electrolyte, repeated strain or heat. Particles that lose contact stop storing lithium, and the coating can delaminate from the foil.",
        "related": [
          "binder",
          "loss-of-active-material",
          "delamination"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/binder-degradation/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "swelling",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:paa",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Polyacrylic acid",
      "properties": {
        "id": "paa",
        "name": "Polyacrylic acid",
        "abbr": "PAA",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A water-based binder with many carboxyl groups that bond strongly to silicon surfaces, used in silicon-rich negative electrodes where CMC/SBR cannot hold the swelling particles together.",
        "related": [
          "binder",
          "silicon-anode",
          "cmc"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/paa/",
        "mentions": [
          "swelling",
          "sbr"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}