{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:self-discharge",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Self-discharge",
    "properties": {
      "id": "self-discharge",
      "name": "Self-discharge",
      "section": "topic-charging",
      "definition": "The slow loss of stored charge while a cell is not in use. An unexpected rise can signal a leakage path or a soft internal short.",
      "unit": "%/month",
      "related": [
        "internal-short-circuit",
        "calendar-aging",
        "k-value",
        "calendar-life",
        "self-discharge-test"
      ],
      "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#check-yourself",
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/self-discharge/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:1188",
      "source": "term:self-discharge",
      "target": "topic:topic-charging",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1189",
      "source": "term:self-discharge",
      "target": "term:internal-short-circuit",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1190",
      "source": "term:self-discharge",
      "target": "term:calendar-aging",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1191",
      "source": "term:self-discharge",
      "target": "term:k-value",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1192",
      "source": "term:self-discharge",
      "target": "term:calendar-life",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1193",
      "source": "term:self-discharge",
      "target": "term:self-discharge-test",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1194",
      "source": "term:self-discharge",
      "target": "lesson:fundamentals/battery-aging/",
      "type": "explainedIn",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/battery-aging/#check-yourself"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1195",
      "source": "term:self-discharge",
      "target": "visual:self-discharge",
      "type": "illustratedBy",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "visual-pages.json"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-charging",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Charging and discharging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-charging",
        "name": "Charging and discharging",
        "lede": "How current goes in and comes out, and the limits that stop it.",
        "context": "Separate regulation from availability.",
        "example": "The same CC–CV law can operate overnight or during a short depot stop.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open charging quantities"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:internal-short-circuit",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Internal short circuit",
      "properties": {
        "id": "internal-short-circuit",
        "name": "Internal short circuit",
        "abbr": "ISC",
        "section": "topic-safety",
        "definition": "An unintended electronic path between the electrodes inside a cell — through a metal particle, a burr, a damaged separator or lithium deposits. It discharges the cell internally and turns its energy into local heat.",
        "related": [
          "thermal-runaway",
          "dendrite",
          "separator",
          "external-short-circuit",
          "self-discharge",
          "internal-short-trigger-device"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#short-circuit",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/internal-short-circuit/",
        "mentions": [
          "electronic-path",
          "burr",
          "metal-particle-contamination"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:calendar-aging",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Calendar aging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "calendar-aging",
        "name": "Calendar aging",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Degradation that happens with time even when a cell is not cycled — in storage, for example. It is driven mainly by side reactions such as SEI growth and accelerates with temperature.",
        "related": [
          "cycle-aging",
          "sei",
          "arrhenius",
          "square-root-of-time",
          "calendar-life"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#whole-cell",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/calendar-aging/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:k-value",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "K-value",
      "properties": {
        "id": "k-value",
        "name": "K-value",
        "aka": [
          "OCV drop rate"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The rate at which a cell’s open-circuit voltage falls during the production aging step, in millivolts per day. A high K-value signals an internal short or contamination, and such cells are scrapped before shipment.",
        "unit": "mV/day",
        "related": [
          "aging-step",
          "self-discharge",
          "open-circuit-voltage",
          "internal-short-circuit"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/k-value/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:calendar-life",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Calendar life",
      "properties": {
        "id": "calendar-life",
        "name": "Calendar life",
        "aka": [
          "shelf life"
        ],
        "section": "topic-ratings",
        "definition": "How long a cell lasts in years, regardless of cycling, before it reaches its end-of-life criterion. It is set by calendar aging, which runs fastest at high temperature and high state of charge.",
        "unit": "years",
        "related": [
          "calendar-aging",
          "cycle-life",
          "end-of-life",
          "self-discharge",
          "calendar-life-test"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/calendar-life/",
        "mentions": [
          "state-of-charge"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:self-discharge-test",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Self-discharge test",
      "properties": {
        "id": "self-discharge-test",
        "name": "Self-discharge test",
        "section": "topic-testing",
        "definition": "Charging a cell to a set state, storing it, and measuring either the OCV drop over days or the capacity lost over weeks. In production it is the K-value check; in the laboratory a potentiostatic hold measures the leakage current directly in hours.",
        "related": [
          "self-discharge",
          "k-value",
          "open-circuit-voltage",
          "internal-short-circuit"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/self-discharge-test/",
        "mentions": [
          "chronoamperometry"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "lesson:fundamentals/battery-aging/",
      "type": "Lesson",
      "label": "Lesson 4 · Battery aging",
      "properties": {
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/battery-aging/"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "visual:self-discharge",
      "type": "Visual",
      "label": "Charge retention during storage",
      "properties": {
        "title": "Charge retention during storage",
        "summary": "A constant fractional loss produces an exponential decline.",
        "readout": "After 6 months: 83.297% retained; after 12: 69.384%.",
        "formula": "Q(t)/Q₀ = (1 − monthly loss)^t",
        "note": "Constant fractional loss; chemistry and temperature effects are not modeled.",
        "software": {
          "status": "reference",
          "label": "Reference concept",
          "body": "This is an illustrative retention model. battery-core aging functions do not estimate self-discharge. Reversible charge loss differs from permanent capacity fade.",
          "href": "../fundamentals/battery-aging/"
        },
        "html": "<figure class=\"visual-figure\"><figcaption>Stored charge retention</figcaption><svg class=\"visual-chart\" viewBox=\"0 0 360 330\" role=\"img\" aria-labelledby=\"static-self-discharge-0-title static-self-discharge-0-desc\"><title id=\"static-self-discharge-0-title\">Stored charge retention</title><desc id=\"static-self-discharge-0-desc\">Storage time (months) versus Fraction of initial charge (%). Charge retained. Interpretation follows the graphs.</desc><path d=\"M74,238h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"242\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">0</text><text x=\"74\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">0</text><path d=\"M74,188.5h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"192.5\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">25</text><text x=\"141\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">3</text><path d=\"M74,139h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"143\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">50</text><text x=\"208\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">6</text><path d=\"M74,89.5h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"93.5\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">75</text><text x=\"275\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">9</text><path d=\"M74,40h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"44\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">100</text><text x=\"342\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">12</text><path d=\"M74,40v198h268\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".3\"/><polyline fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2459a8\" stroke-width=\"2.8\" points=\"74.00,40.00 76.23,40.60 78.47,41.20 80.70,41.80 82.93,42.40 85.17,42.99 87.40,43.59 89.63,44.18 91.87,44.77 94.10,45.35 96.33,45.94 98.57,46.52 100.80,47.11 103.03,47.69 105.27,48.27 107.50,48.84 109.73,49.42 111.97,49.99 114.20,50.56 116.43,51.13 118.67,51.70 120.90,52.27 123.13,52.83 125.37,53.40 127.60,53.96 129.83,54.52 132.07,55.08 134.30,55.63 136.53,56.19 138.77,56.74 141.00,57.29 143.23,57.84 145.47,58.39 147.70,58.93 149.93,59.48 152.17,60.02 154.40,60.56 156.63,61.10 158.87,61.64 161.10,62.18 163.33,62.71 165.57,63.25 167.80,63.78 170.03,64.31 172.27,64.83 174.50,65.36 176.73,65.89 178.97,66.41 181.20,66.93 183.43,67.45 185.67,67.97 187.90,68.49 190.13,69.00 192.37,69.52 194.60,70.03 196.83,70.54 199.07,71.05 201.30,71.56 203.53,72.06 205.77,72.57 208.00,73.07 210.23,73.57 212.47,74.07 214.70,74.57 216.93,75.07 219.17,75.56 221.40,76.06 223.63,76.55 225.87,77.04 228.10,77.53 230.33,78.02 232.57,78.51 234.80,78.99 237.03,79.47 239.27,79.96 241.50,80.44 243.73,80.92 245.97,81.39 248.20,81.87 250.43,82.35 252.67,82.82 254.90,83.29 257.13,83.76 259.37,84.23 261.60,84.70 263.83,85.16 266.07,85.63 268.30,86.09 270.53,86.55 272.77,87.02 275.00,87.47 277.23,87.93 279.47,88.39 281.70,88.84 283.93,89.30 286.17,89.75 288.40,90.20 290.63,90.65 292.87,91.10 295.10,91.54 297.33,91.99 299.57,92.43 301.80,92.88 304.03,93.32 306.27,93.76 308.50,94.20 310.73,94.63 312.97,95.07 315.20,95.50 317.43,95.94 319.67,96.37 321.90,96.80 324.13,97.23 326.37,97.66 328.60,98.09 330.83,98.51 333.07,98.94 335.30,99.36 337.53,99.78 339.77,100.20 342.00,100.62\"/><text transform=\"translate(208 303)\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"14\" fill=\"currentColor\"><tspan x=\"0\" dy=\"0\">Storage time (months)</tspan></text><text transform=\"translate(20 139) rotate(-90)\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"14\" fill=\"currentColor\"><tspan x=\"0\" dy=\"-8\">Fraction of initial</tspan><tspan x=\"0\" dy=\"16\">charge (%)</tspan></text></svg><div class=\"visual-legend\"><span><i style=\"background:#2459a8\"></i>Charge retained</span></div></figure>"
      }
    }
  ]
}
