{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:scope-emissions",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions",
    "properties": {
      "id": "scope-emissions",
      "name": "Scope 1, 2 and 3 emissions",
      "aka": [
        "Scope 1",
        "Scope 2",
        "Scope 3",
        "GHG Protocol scopes"
      ],
      "section": "topic-sustainability",
      "definition": "The Greenhouse Gas Protocol’s split of a company’s emissions: Scope 1 from sources it owns, such as furnaces and vehicles; Scope 2 from the electricity and heat it buys; Scope 3 from everything else in its value chain. For a carmaker, its cell suppliers’ emissions are Scope 3, as are those of the cars it sells while they are driven.",
      "related": [
        "carbon-footprint",
        "co2-equivalent",
        "battery-value-chain",
        "life-cycle-assessment"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/scope-emissions/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:6935",
      "source": "term:scope-emissions",
      "target": "topic:topic-sustainability",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6936",
      "source": "term:scope-emissions",
      "target": "term:carbon-footprint",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6937",
      "source": "term:scope-emissions",
      "target": "term:co2-equivalent",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6938",
      "source": "term:scope-emissions",
      "target": "term:battery-value-chain",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6939",
      "source": "term:scope-emissions",
      "target": "term:life-cycle-assessment",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-sustainability",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Supply chain and regulation",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-sustainability",
        "name": "Supply chain and regulation",
        "lede": "Where the materials come from, what a battery’s carbon footprint is, and the rules that govern it from mine to market.",
        "context": "Keep boundaries, dates, geography and units.",
        "example": "Carbon footprints can be compared only with compatible boundaries and functional units.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-production/",
        "lesson_label": "Open production context"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:carbon-footprint",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Battery carbon footprint",
      "properties": {
        "id": "carbon-footprint",
        "name": "Battery carbon footprint",
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The greenhouse gases emitted to make a battery, typically 50–100 kg CO₂-equivalent per kWh, dominated by cathode materials and the electricity used in cell production. The EU regulation requires it to be declared and will later cap it.",
        "unit": "kg CO₂e/kWh",
        "related": [
          "life-cycle-assessment",
          "eu-battery-regulation",
          "battery-passport",
          "gigafactory",
          "carbon-footprint-declaration"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/carbon-footprint/",
        "mentions": [
          "kilowatt-hour",
          "cathode",
          "cell-production",
          "co2-equivalent"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:co2-equivalent",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "CO₂-equivalent",
      "properties": {
        "id": "co2-equivalent",
        "name": "CO₂-equivalent",
        "abbr": "CO₂e",
        "aka": [
          "carbon dioxide equivalent",
          "CO2e",
          "CO2-equivalent",
          "CO2eq"
        ],
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The common unit for greenhouse gases: each gas’s mass multiplied by its global warming potential, so that a mix of emissions is expressed as the mass of carbon dioxide with the same warming effect. One kilogram of fossil methane counts as about 30 kg CO₂e; battery carbon footprints are quoted in kg CO₂e per kWh.",
        "formula": "CO₂e = Σ mᵢ · GWPᵢ",
        "unit": "kg CO₂e",
        "related": [
          "global-warming-potential",
          "carbon-footprint",
          "carbon-footprint-declaration",
          "scope-emissions"
        ],
        "example": {
          "title": "Apply a stated emissions factor",
          "text": "For a hypothetical inventory with 10 kg CO₂ and 1 kg of another gas assigned a chosen GWP of 25, the total is 35 kg CO₂e. Record the assessment source and time horizon; the illustrative factor 25 is not a universal value."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/co2-equivalent/",
        "mentions": [
          "kilowatt-hour"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:battery-value-chain",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Battery value chain",
      "properties": {
        "id": "battery-value-chain",
        "name": "Battery value chain",
        "aka": [
          "battery supply chain"
        ],
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The sequence of industries a battery passes through: mining and refining of lithium, nickel, cobalt, manganese and graphite; active-material and component production; cell manufacturing; module and pack assembly; use in a vehicle or storage system; second life; and recycling back into materials. Refining is where supply is most concentrated, so policy focuses there.",
        "related": [
          "critical-raw-materials",
          "cell-production",
          "second-life",
          "recycling",
          "due-diligence",
          "battery-passport"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/battery-value-chain/",
        "mentions": [
          "graphite",
          "cobalt",
          "manganese"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:life-cycle-assessment",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Life-cycle assessment",
      "properties": {
        "id": "life-cycle-assessment",
        "name": "Life-cycle assessment",
        "abbr": "LCA",
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The method for totalling a product’s environmental impact from raw material to end of life, standardised in ISO 14040. For a battery it is what turns mining, production, use and recycling data into a carbon footprint.",
        "related": [
          "carbon-footprint",
          "recycling",
          "eu-battery-regulation"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/life-cycle-assessment/",
        "mentions": [
          "end-of-life",
          "iso-14040"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}