{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:sample-phases",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Sample phases",
    "properties": {
      "id": "sample-phases",
      "name": "Sample phases",
      "aka": [
        "A-sample",
        "B-sample",
        "C-sample",
        "D-sample",
        "sample maturity",
        "A to D samples"
      ],
      "section": "topic-testing",
      "definition": "The automotive maturity stages of a cell or pack. A-samples are hand-built functional prototypes; B-samples have a near-final design built on prototype tooling; C-samples use series tooling and materials to validate the design; D-samples come off the series line at rate for production approval. Later design or process changes usually require requalification.",
      "related": [
        "oem",
        "cell-design",
        "testing",
        "yield",
        "device-under-test"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/sample-phases/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:5471",
      "source": "term:sample-phases",
      "target": "topic:topic-testing",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5472",
      "source": "term:sample-phases",
      "target": "term:oem",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5473",
      "source": "term:sample-phases",
      "target": "term:cell-design",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5474",
      "source": "term:sample-phases",
      "target": "term:testing",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5475",
      "source": "term:sample-phases",
      "target": "term:yield",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5476",
      "source": "term:sample-phases",
      "target": "term:device-under-test",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-testing",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Testing methods",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-testing",
        "name": "Testing methods",
        "lede": "The measurements and test procedures that characterise a cell or pack, from capacity and pulse tests to abuse and environmental tests.",
        "context": "Record specimen, state, instrument, temperature and timing.",
        "example": "Resistance immediately after a current step can differ from a ten-second value because slower polarization contributes.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open capacity measurements"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:oem",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Original equipment manufacturer",
      "properties": {
        "id": "oem",
        "name": "Original equipment manufacturer",
        "abbr": "OEM",
        "section": "topic-applications",
        "definition": "In the battery industry, the vehicle or device maker that buys cells or packs and sells the finished product. Cell makers, pack integrators and OEMs form the three tiers of the supply chain.",
        "related": [
          "electric-vehicle",
          "warranty",
          "total-cost-of-ownership"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/oem/",
        "mentions": [
          "differential-electrochemical-mass-spectrometry"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:cell-design",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Cell design",
      "properties": {
        "id": "cell-design",
        "name": "Cell design",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Choosing the chemistry, electrode loadings, porosities, N/P ratio, separator, electrolyte volume and format that together meet an energy, power, life, safety and cost target. Each choice trades against the others: thicker electrodes raise energy and lower power.",
        "related": [
          "np-ratio",
          "areal-loading",
          "porosity",
          "energy-density",
          "specific-power"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/cell-design/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "separator",
          "electrolyte"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:testing",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Cell testing",
      "properties": {
        "id": "testing",
        "name": "Cell testing",
        "section": "topic-testing",
        "definition": "Measuring a cell’s capacity, resistance, efficiency, rate capability, life and safety under defined conditions. Because every result depends on the conditions, a result without its temperature, current and voltage limits is not a result.",
        "related": [
          "capacity-test",
          "cycler",
          "reference-performance-test",
          "abuse-testing",
          "datasheet"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/testing/",
        "mentions": [
          "rate-capability"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:yield",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Yield",
      "properties": {
        "id": "yield",
        "name": "Yield",
        "aka": [
          "scrap rate"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The fraction of started material that ends as saleable cells. New plants often run at 60–80 % and mature ones above 95 %; because materials dominate cell cost, each point of scrap is expensive.",
        "unit": "%",
        "related": [
          "cost-per-kwh",
          "gigafactory",
          "end-of-line-testing"
        ],
        "example": {
          "title": "Declare the denominator",
          "text": "950 passing units out of 1000 inspected gives 95% unit pass yield for that test. It does not report scrap mass or every upstream yield."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/yield/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:device-under-test",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Device under test",
      "properties": {
        "id": "device-under-test",
        "name": "Device under test",
        "abbr": "DUT",
        "aka": [
          "unit under test",
          "UUT",
          "equipment under test",
          "EUT"
        ],
        "section": "topic-testing",
        "definition": "The general name, in test plans, standards and laboratory software, for whatever is being tested — a cell, module, pack or BMS board. A test report should define the DUT exactly, including its state of charge, temperature and fixturing, because results hold only for that configuration.",
        "related": [
          "testing",
          "cycler",
          "hil",
          "sample-phases"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/device-under-test/",
        "mentions": [
          "state-of-charge",
          "bms"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}