{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:sae-j1772",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "SAE J1772 and IEC 62196",
    "properties": {
      "id": "sae-j1772",
      "name": "SAE J1772 and IEC 62196",
      "aka": [
        "Type 1",
        "Type 2",
        "CCS"
      ],
      "section": "topic-infrastructure",
      "definition": "The standards that define charging connectors: J1772 Type 1 and the IEC 62196 Type 2 plug for AC, and the Combined Charging System that adds two DC pins below them. Europe mandates Type 2 and CCS2; North America is moving to the NACS connector.",
      "related": [
        "dc-fast-charging",
        "onboard-charger",
        "iso-15118",
        "control-pilot",
        "nacs",
        "chademo"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/sae-j1772/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:3799",
      "source": "term:sae-j1772",
      "target": "topic:topic-infrastructure",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3800",
      "source": "term:sae-j1772",
      "target": "term:dc-fast-charging",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3801",
      "source": "term:sae-j1772",
      "target": "term:onboard-charger",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3802",
      "source": "term:sae-j1772",
      "target": "term:iso-15118",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3803",
      "source": "term:sae-j1772",
      "target": "term:control-pilot",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3804",
      "source": "term:sae-j1772",
      "target": "term:nacs",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3805",
      "source": "term:sae-j1772",
      "target": "term:chademo",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3806",
      "source": "term:sae-j1772",
      "target": "reference:afdc-charging",
      "type": "cites",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "wiki-references.json",
        "scope": "direct technical reference"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-infrastructure",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Charging infrastructure",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-infrastructure",
        "name": "Charging infrastructure",
        "lede": "Where and how vehicles are charged: charging strategies, power levels, connectors and the protocols between vehicle and charger.",
        "context": "Separate compatibility from requested average power.",
        "example": "A 100 kW model request does not establish real voltage, current, connector or negotiation compatibility.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open charging quantities"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:dc-fast-charging",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "DC fast charging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "dc-fast-charging",
        "name": "DC fast charging",
        "abbr": "DCFC",
        "aka": [
          "rapid charging",
          "HPC"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "Charging from a station that supplies DC straight to the pack, bypassing the car’s onboard charger, at 50 kW to over 350 kW. The BMS, not the charger, sets the current from moment to moment, which is why the charge curve tapers as the pack fills.",
        "related": [
          "fast-charging",
          "onboard-charger",
          "pack-voltage",
          "preconditioning",
          "charging-curve",
          "evse"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/dc-fast-charging/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger",
          "bms"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:onboard-charger",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Onboard charger",
      "properties": {
        "id": "onboard-charger",
        "name": "Onboard charger",
        "abbr": "OBC",
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The converter inside the vehicle that turns AC from a home or public socket into DC for the pack, typically rated 7–22 kW. DC fast chargers bypass it, which is why they can be so much more powerful.",
        "related": [
          "charger",
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "cc-cv-charging",
          "un-r10",
          "slow-charging"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/onboard-charger/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:iso-15118",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "ISO 15118",
      "properties": {
        "id": "iso-15118",
        "name": "ISO 15118",
        "aka": [
          "Plug & Charge",
          "V2G communication"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The communication standard between an electric vehicle and a charging station: identification, authorisation, charge scheduling and, in the −20 edition, bidirectional power transfer. It is what lets a car authenticate itself and start charging with no card or app.",
        "related": [
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "vehicle-to-grid",
          "iso-17409",
          "can-bus",
          "evcc",
          "din-70121"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/iso-15118/",
        "mentions": [
          "electric-vehicle",
          "evse",
          "vehicle-to-everything"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:control-pilot",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Control pilot",
      "properties": {
        "id": "control-pilot",
        "name": "Control pilot",
        "abbr": "CP",
        "aka": [
          "proximity pilot",
          "PP"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The signal wire in an AC or CCS charging connector: the charger puts a ±12 V square wave on it whose duty cycle tells the vehicle the maximum current, and the vehicle answers by switching resistors. The proximity pilot beside it tells the vehicle a plug is inserted.",
        "related": [
          "sae-j1772",
          "plc-green-phy",
          "ccu",
          "onboard-charger"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/control-pilot/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:nacs",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "NACS",
      "properties": {
        "id": "nacs",
        "name": "NACS",
        "aka": [
          "North American Charging Standard",
          "SAE J3400"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The compact AC and DC connector introduced by Tesla and standardised as SAE J3400, now adopted by most carmakers in North America in place of the CCS1 plug. The communication underneath is the same as CCS.",
        "related": [
          "sae-j1772",
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "iso-15118"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/nacs/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:chademo",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "CHAdeMO",
      "properties": {
        "id": "chademo",
        "name": "CHAdeMO",
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The Japanese DC fast-charging standard, with its own connector and CAN-based communication rather than power-line signalling. It was the first widespread DC system and natively supports bidirectional charging, but in Europe and North America it has given way to CCS.",
        "related": [
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "sae-j1772",
          "vehicle-to-grid",
          "can-bus",
          "gbt"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/chademo/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "reference:afdc-charging",
      "type": "Reference",
      "label": "Electric Vehicle Charging Stations",
      "properties": {
        "title": "Electric Vehicle Charging Stations",
        "publisher": "U.S. Department of Energy, Alternative Fuels Data Center",
        "url": "https://afdc.energy.gov/fuels/electricity-stations",
        "type": "Technical explainer",
        "scope": "U.S. charging equipment levels, charging infrastructure and connector context. Regional terminology varies.",
        "accessed": "2026-10-27"
      }
    }
  ]
}