{
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        "Directive 2011/65/EU",
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      "definition": "The EU directive restricting ten substances in electrical and electronic equipment — lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, two families of brominated flame retardants and four phthalates — to 0.1 % by weight of each homogeneous material, 0.01 % for cadmium. Batteries themselves fall under battery law instead, but the chargers and devices around them must comply.",
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        "reach",
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      "id": "edge:6989",
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      "id": "edge:6990",
      "source": "term:rohs",
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        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
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      "source": "term:rohs",
      "target": "term:eu-battery-regulation",
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        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
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      "type": "relatedTo",
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        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
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      "id": "edge:6993",
      "source": "term:rohs",
      "target": "term:eu-battery-directive",
      "type": "relatedTo",
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        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
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      "label": "Supply chain and regulation",
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        "lede": "Where the materials come from, what a battery’s carbon footprint is, and the rules that govern it from mine to market.",
        "context": "Keep boundaries, dates, geography and units.",
        "example": "Carbon footprints can be compared only with compatible boundaries and functional units.",
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        "lesson_label": "Open production context"
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      "id": "term:reach",
      "type": "Term",
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        "id": "reach",
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          "Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006",
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        "definition": "The EU regulation on chemicals: substances made or imported above one tonne a year must be registered, and the most hazardous can be restricted or made subject to authorisation. Suppliers of articles must declare substances of very high concern above 0.1 % by weight, and a restriction in force since 2020 caps worker exposure to NMP, the electrode-coating solvent.",
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      "id": "term:eu-battery-regulation",
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        "definition": "The European law, in force since 2023, that governs batteries over their whole life: carbon-footprint declarations, recycled-content minimums, due diligence on raw materials, performance and durability requirements, removability, the battery passport and collection and recycling targets.",
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          "battery-passport",
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      "id": "term:eu-battery-directive",
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      "label": "EU Battery Directive",
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        "definition": "The earlier European law on batteries, from 2006, that restricted mercury and cadmium, set collection targets for portable batteries and made producers responsible for take-back. It is replaced step by step by the 2023 Battery Regulation.",
        "related": [
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}