{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:production-scrap",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Production scrap",
    "properties": {
      "id": "production-scrap",
      "name": "Production scrap",
      "aka": [
        "manufacturing scrap",
        "electrode scrap"
      ],
      "section": "topic-recycling",
      "definition": "Rejected electrodes, cut-offs and failed cells from gigafactories, today the largest feedstock of battery recyclers. It is clean and of known chemistry, so it can often be processed by simpler routes than end-of-life packs.",
      "related": [
        "yield",
        "gigafactory",
        "direct-recycling",
        "black-mass"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/production-scrap/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:4417",
      "source": "term:production-scrap",
      "target": "topic:topic-recycling",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4418",
      "source": "term:production-scrap",
      "target": "term:yield",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4419",
      "source": "term:production-scrap",
      "target": "term:gigafactory",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4420",
      "source": "term:production-scrap",
      "target": "term:direct-recycling",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4421",
      "source": "term:production-scrap",
      "target": "term:black-mass",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-recycling",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Recycling and end of life",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-recycling",
        "name": "Recycling and end of life",
        "lede": "What happens to a battery after its first life: reuse, and the recycling routes that recover its materials, step by step.",
        "context": "Distinguish recovered material from a qualified product.",
        "example": "High mass recovery alone does not establish battery-grade purity or refining energy demand.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-production/",
        "lesson_label": "Open process context"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:yield",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Yield",
      "properties": {
        "id": "yield",
        "name": "Yield",
        "aka": [
          "scrap rate"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The fraction of started material that ends as saleable cells. New plants often run at 60–80 % and mature ones above 95 %; because materials dominate cell cost, each point of scrap is expensive.",
        "unit": "%",
        "related": [
          "cost-per-kwh",
          "gigafactory",
          "end-of-line-testing"
        ],
        "example": {
          "title": "Declare the denominator",
          "text": "950 passing units out of 1000 inspected gives 95% unit pass yield for that test. It does not report scrap mass or every upstream yield."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/yield/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:gigafactory",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Gigafactory",
      "properties": {
        "id": "gigafactory",
        "name": "Gigafactory",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "A cell plant with an annual output of at least a few gigawatt-hours, enough for tens of thousands of electric cars. The term began as one company’s name for its plant and is now used for any large battery factory.",
        "unit": "GWh/year",
        "related": [
          "cell-production",
          "kilowatt-hour",
          "yield",
          "cost-per-kwh"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/gigafactory/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:direct-recycling",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Direct recycling",
      "properties": {
        "id": "direct-recycling",
        "name": "Direct recycling",
        "section": "topic-recycling",
        "definition": "Recovering cathode material with its crystal structure intact and relithiating it for reuse, instead of breaking it down to metal salts. It promises lower energy and cost but must handle a mix of chemistries and ages.",
        "related": [
          "recycling",
          "hydrometallurgy",
          "cathode-active-material",
          "relithiation",
          "upcycling"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/direct-recycling/",
        "mentions": [
          "cathode"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:black-mass",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Black mass",
      "properties": {
        "id": "black-mass",
        "name": "Black mass",
        "section": "topic-recycling",
        "definition": "The dark powder of mixed electrode materials left after end-of-life cells are discharged, shredded and separated from their casings, foils and separators. It is the traded intermediate that hydrometallurgical refiners buy.",
        "related": [
          "recycling",
          "hydrometallurgy",
          "pyrometallurgy",
          "mechanical-pretreatment",
          "froth-flotation"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/black-mass/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}