{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:overhang-alignment",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Electrode overhang and alignment",
    "properties": {
      "id": "overhang-alignment",
      "name": "Electrode overhang and alignment",
      "aka": [
        "separator overhang",
        "alignment tolerance",
        "electrode registration"
      ],
      "section": "topic-manufacturing",
      "definition": "The margins by which, on every edge, the separator extends beyond the negative electrode and the negative beyond the positive, and the placement tolerance that must preserve them. If a positive edge ever sits outside the negative, lithium plates there; if the separator falls short, the electrodes can touch. Lines check alignment by camera and X-ray.",
      "related": [
        "stacking",
        "winding",
        "lithium-plating",
        "np-ratio",
        "separator",
        "anode-overhang"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/overhang-alignment/",
      "mentions": [
        "electrode",
        "negative-electrode"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:4872",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "topic:topic-manufacturing",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4873",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "term:stacking",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4874",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "term:winding",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4875",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "term:lithium-plating",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4876",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "term:np-ratio",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4877",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "term:separator",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4878",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "term:anode-overhang",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/overhang-alignment/electrode",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "term:electrode",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/overhang-alignment/negative-electrode",
      "source": "term:overhang-alignment",
      "target": "term:negative-electrode",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-manufacturing",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Manufacturing",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-manufacturing",
        "name": "Manufacturing",
        "lede": "The steps that turn powders and foils into a finished cell, in production order.",
        "context": "Place operations and quality checks in process order.",
        "example": "An electrode can meet coating mass targets but fail adhesion or moisture checks later.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-production/",
        "lesson_label": "Open production"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:stacking",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Stacking",
      "properties": {
        "id": "stacking",
        "name": "Stacking",
        "aka": [
          "Z-folding",
          "lamination"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Building a cell from individual electrode sheets interleaved with separator, either sheet by sheet or by folding a continuous separator in a zigzag. It uses the volume of a rectangular case better than winding but is slower and more exacting.",
        "related": [
          "winding",
          "pouch-cell",
          "prismatic-cell",
          "notching"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#assembly",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/stacking/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:winding",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Winding",
      "properties": {
        "id": "winding",
        "name": "Winding",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Rolling the two electrode strips and two separator strips together around a mandrel into a jelly roll. It is fast and well understood, and it produces the round roll of a cylindrical cell or the flattened roll of many prismatic cells.",
        "related": [
          "jelly-roll",
          "stacking",
          "cylindrical-cell",
          "prismatic-cell"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#assembly",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/winding/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:lithium-plating",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Lithium plating",
      "properties": {
        "id": "lithium-plating",
        "name": "Lithium plating",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Lithium metal depositing on the negative-electrode surface instead of intercalating into it. It is promoted by charging at low temperature or high current.",
        "related": [
          "dendrite",
          "fast-charging",
          "intercalation",
          "np-ratio",
          "dead-lithium",
          "electrodeposition"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#plating",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lithium-plating/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:np-ratio",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "N/P ratio",
      "properties": {
        "id": "np-ratio",
        "name": "N/P ratio",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "The areal capacity of the negative electrode divided by that of the positive electrode facing it, usually set at 1.05–1.15. The excess negative capacity ensures there is always a graphite site for every lithium ion on charge, which guards against lithium plating.",
        "formula": "N/P = Q_neg / Q_pos",
        "related": [
          "areal-loading",
          "lithium-plating",
          "cell-design",
          "overhang-alignment",
          "anode-overhang"
        ],
        "example": {
          "title": "Compare electrode capacity budgets",
          "text": "A negative-electrode capacity of 3.3 mAh/cm² paired with a positive-electrode capacity of 3.0 mAh/cm² gives an N/P ratio of 1.10. The chosen capacity definitions and operating windows must match."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/np-ratio/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "graphite"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:separator",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Separator",
      "properties": {
        "id": "separator",
        "name": "Separator",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "A porous, electronically insulating film between the electrodes. Electrons cannot cross it; ions move through the electrolyte in its pores.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte",
          "ceramic-coated-separator",
          "separator-shutdown",
          "internal-short-circuit",
          "porosity"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#separator",
        "example": {
          "title": "Different conduction paths",
          "text": "A separator prevents direct electronic contact while permitting ionic transport through its electrolyte-filled structure."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/separator/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:anode-overhang",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Anode overhang",
      "properties": {
        "id": "anode-overhang",
        "name": "Anode overhang",
        "aka": [
          "negative electrode overhang",
          "overhang effect"
        ],
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "The margin, of the order of a millimetre, by which the negative electrode extends beyond the positive electrode at every edge, so lithium leaving the cathode edge always finds graphite to enter rather than plating. The overhang slowly soaks up and gives back lithium itself, which causes small apparent capacity drifts in storage and efficiency tests.",
        "related": [
          "np-ratio",
          "lithium-plating",
          "cell-design",
          "coulombic-efficiency",
          "calendar-aging"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/anode-overhang/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "cathode",
          "graphite"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrode",
        "name": "Electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.",
        "related": [
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "porous-electrode",
          "current-collector"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components",
        "example": {
          "title": "Two transport paths",
          "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:negative-electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Negative electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "negative-electrode",
        "name": "Negative electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "The electrode at the lower potential, usually graphite on copper foil in a lithium-ion cell. It holds the lithium when the cell is charged and releases it on discharge, and industry calls it the anode.",
        "related": [
          "anode",
          "graphite",
          "positive-electrode",
          "copper-foil"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#anode-cathode",
        "example": {
          "title": "Keep the polarity name",
          "text": "Graphite remains the negative electrode during charge and discharge, while the anode/cathode reaction labels change with operating direction."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/negative-electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}