{ "node": { "id": "term:operating-temperature", "type": "Term", "label": "Operating temperature", "properties": { "id": "operating-temperature", "name": "Operating temperature", "section": "topic-ratings", "definition": "The temperature range a cell may be charged and discharged in, typically 0–45 °C for charging and −20–60 °C for discharging. 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Studio’s native charger instead uses external temperature.", "url": "https://design.lemonergy.com/", "label": "Open Design → Charge session", "evidence": [ "js/charger.js" ] } }, { "id": "topic:topic-ratings", "type": "Topic", "label": "Capacity, energy, power and ratings", "properties": { "id": "topic-ratings", "name": "Capacity, energy, power and ratings", "lede": "The numbers that size a cell and let two cells be compared.", "context": "Separate nameplate ratings from test results.", "example": "5 Ah at 3.6 V gives 18 Wh nominally. 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At 35 °C: 1.924×. At 45 °C: 3.554×.", "formula": "k(T)/k(T_ref) = exp[(Eₐ/R)(1/T_ref − 1/T)]", "note": "The equation uses kelvin. One activated process is represented, not lifetime.", "software": { "status": "implemented", "label": "Implemented in battery-core", "body": "arrhenius_factor returns a rate multiplier from temperature and activation energy. It does not predict cell lifetime.", "href": "../fundamentals/battery-aging/" }, "html": "
Relative reaction rate
Relative reaction rateTemperature (°C) versus Rate multiplier (×). Relative to 25 °C. Interpretation follows the graphs.002.18154.37306.55458.7460Temperature (°C)Rate multiplier (×)
Relative to 25 °C
" } } ] }