{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:mcs",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Megawatt Charging System",
    "properties": {
      "id": "mcs",
      "name": "Megawatt Charging System",
      "abbr": "MCS",
      "aka": [
        "SAE J3271"
      ],
      "section": "topic-infrastructure",
      "definition": "The connector and protocol standard for charging heavy trucks and coaches at up to 3.75 MW — up to 3000 A at 1250 V — so a long-haul truck can recharge during a driver’s mandatory break. It uses ISO 15118 communication over Ethernet rather than power-line signalling.",
      "related": [
        "hpc",
        "dc-fast-charging",
        "iso-15118",
        "pack-voltage",
        "electric-bus"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/mcs/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:4522",
      "source": "term:mcs",
      "target": "topic:topic-infrastructure",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4523",
      "source": "term:mcs",
      "target": "term:hpc",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4524",
      "source": "term:mcs",
      "target": "term:dc-fast-charging",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4525",
      "source": "term:mcs",
      "target": "term:iso-15118",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4526",
      "source": "term:mcs",
      "target": "term:pack-voltage",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:4527",
      "source": "term:mcs",
      "target": "term:electric-bus",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-infrastructure",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Charging infrastructure",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-infrastructure",
        "name": "Charging infrastructure",
        "lede": "Where and how vehicles are charged: charging strategies, power levels, connectors and the protocols between vehicle and charger.",
        "context": "Separate compatibility from requested average power.",
        "example": "A 100 kW model request does not establish real voltage, current, connector or negotiation compatibility.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open charging quantities"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:hpc",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "High-power charging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "hpc",
        "name": "High-power charging",
        "abbr": "HPC",
        "aka": [
          "ultra-fast charging",
          "ultra-rapid charging"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "DC charging at 150 kW and above, up to about 400 kW for cars, usually at 800–1000 V so the current stays within what cable and connector can carry. Liquid-cooled cables make the currents of 500 A and more practical.",
        "related": [
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "xfc",
          "pack-voltage",
          "charging-curve",
          "mcs"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/hpc/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:dc-fast-charging",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "DC fast charging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "dc-fast-charging",
        "name": "DC fast charging",
        "abbr": "DCFC",
        "aka": [
          "rapid charging",
          "HPC"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "Charging from a station that supplies DC straight to the pack, bypassing the car’s onboard charger, at 50 kW to over 350 kW. The BMS, not the charger, sets the current from moment to moment, which is why the charge curve tapers as the pack fills.",
        "related": [
          "fast-charging",
          "onboard-charger",
          "pack-voltage",
          "preconditioning",
          "charging-curve",
          "evse"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/dc-fast-charging/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger",
          "bms"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:iso-15118",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "ISO 15118",
      "properties": {
        "id": "iso-15118",
        "name": "ISO 15118",
        "aka": [
          "Plug & Charge",
          "V2G communication"
        ],
        "section": "topic-infrastructure",
        "definition": "The communication standard between an electric vehicle and a charging station: identification, authorisation, charge scheduling and, in the −20 edition, bidirectional power transfer. It is what lets a car authenticate itself and start charging with no card or app.",
        "related": [
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "vehicle-to-grid",
          "iso-17409",
          "can-bus",
          "evcc",
          "din-70121"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/iso-15118/",
        "mentions": [
          "electric-vehicle",
          "evse",
          "vehicle-to-everything"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:pack-voltage",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Pack voltage",
      "properties": {
        "id": "pack-voltage",
        "name": "Pack voltage",
        "aka": [
          "400 V system",
          "800 V system"
        ],
        "section": "topic-pack",
        "definition": "The nominal voltage of the full series string, about 400 V in most electric cars and 800 V in newer ones. Doubling the voltage halves the current for the same power, so cables, connectors and losses shrink and charging can be faster.",
        "unit": "V",
        "related": [
          "series-parallel",
          "dc-fast-charging",
          "high-voltage-interlock",
          "insulation-resistance"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/pack-voltage/",
        "mentions": [
          "nominal-voltage",
          "string"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electric-bus",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electric bus",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electric-bus",
        "name": "Electric bus",
        "abbr": "e-bus",
        "section": "topic-applications",
        "definition": "A battery-electric city or coach bus, with packs of 300–700 kWh on the roof and at the rear, LFP or NMC, charged overnight in the depot or at the terminus by pantograph. Its duty cycle — long hours, deep daily cycles, a twelve-year life — makes battery aging the central engineering question.",
        "related": [
          "depot-charging",
          "pantograph-charging",
          "vdv",
          "sort-cycle",
          "total-cost-of-ownership",
          "opportunity-charging"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electric-bus/",
        "mentions": [
          "kilowatt-hour"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}