{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:lsd-nimh",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Low self-discharge NiMH",
    "properties": {
      "id": "lsd-nimh",
      "name": "Low self-discharge NiMH",
      "abbr": "LSD NiMH",
      "aka": [
        "pre-charged NiMH",
        "ready-to-use NiMH",
        "hybrid NiMH"
      ],
      "section": "topic-other-chemistries",
      "definition": "Nickel–metal hydride cells with an improved separator and hydrogen-storage alloy that keep roughly 70–85 % of their charge after a year, where standard NiMH can lose that much in a few months. They are sold charged and ready to use, at the cost of somewhat lower capacity, and since their launch in 2005 have become most of the NiMH market.",
      "related": [
        "nickel-metal-hydride",
        "self-discharge",
        "refresh-charge",
        "iec-61951"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lsd-nimh/",
      "mentions": [
        "separator"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:belongsTo/term:lsd-nimh/topic:topic-other-chemistries",
      "source": "term:lsd-nimh",
      "target": "topic:topic-other-chemistries",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:lsd-nimh/term:nickel-metal-hydride",
      "source": "term:lsd-nimh",
      "target": "term:nickel-metal-hydride",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:lsd-nimh/term:self-discharge",
      "source": "term:lsd-nimh",
      "target": "term:self-discharge",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:lsd-nimh/term:refresh-charge",
      "source": "term:lsd-nimh",
      "target": "term:refresh-charge",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:lsd-nimh/term:iec-61951",
      "source": "term:lsd-nimh",
      "target": "term:iec-61951",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/lsd-nimh/separator",
      "source": "term:lsd-nimh",
      "target": "term:separator",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-other-chemistries",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Other and emerging chemistries",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-other-chemistries",
        "name": "Other and emerging chemistries",
        "lede": "Batteries beyond today’s lithium-ion: lead, nickel and primary cells, flow and metal–air batteries, solid-state and lithium-metal cells, and the multivalent and sodium chemistries in development.",
        "context": "Do not carry lithium-ion assumptions into every chemistry.",
        "example": "Two chemistries can meet the same energy target with different voltage windows and charge termination.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-anatomy/",
        "lesson_label": "Open cell anatomy"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:nickel-metal-hydride",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Nickel–metal hydride battery",
      "properties": {
        "id": "nickel-metal-hydride",
        "name": "Nickel–metal hydride battery",
        "abbr": "NiMH",
        "section": "topic-other-chemistries",
        "definition": "A 1.2 V aqueous cell with a nickel hydroxide positive electrode and a hydrogen-absorbing alloy negative. It powered hybrid cars for two decades and is tolerant of abuse, but lithium-ion stores two to three times more energy per kilogram.",
        "related": [
          "hybrid-vehicle",
          "memory-effect",
          "specific-energy",
          "bipolar-battery",
          "nickel-hydrogen",
          "lsd-nimh"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/nickel-metal-hydride/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "positive-electrode"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:self-discharge",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Self-discharge",
      "properties": {
        "id": "self-discharge",
        "name": "Self-discharge",
        "section": "topic-charging",
        "definition": "The slow loss of stored charge while a cell is not in use. An unexpected rise can signal a leakage path or a soft internal short.",
        "unit": "%/month",
        "related": [
          "internal-short-circuit",
          "calendar-aging",
          "k-value",
          "calendar-life",
          "self-discharge-test"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#check-yourself",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/self-discharge/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte-leakage"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:refresh-charge",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Refresh charge",
      "properties": {
        "id": "refresh-charge",
        "name": "Refresh charge",
        "aka": [
          "topping charge",
          "storage recharge",
          "freshening charge"
        ],
        "section": "topic-charging",
        "definition": "A charge given periodically to a battery in storage, to replace what self-discharge has taken before the voltage falls far enough to cause damage. Lead–acid typically needs one every three to six months and lithium-ion stored at 30–50 % every six to twelve months, while standard NiMH loses so much that it is simply recharged before use.",
        "related": [
          "self-discharge",
          "storage-soc",
          "lead-acid",
          "trickle-charge",
          "lsd-nimh"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/refresh-charge/",
        "mentions": [
          "nickel-metal-hydride"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:iec-61951",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "IEC 61951",
      "properties": {
        "id": "iec-61951",
        "name": "IEC 61951",
        "aka": [
          "IEC 61951-1",
          "IEC 61951-2",
          "IEC 61436",
          "IEC 61808"
        ],
        "section": "topic-standards-stationary",
        "definition": "The IEC performance standard for portable sealed nickel cells and batteries: part 1 for nickel–cadmium, part 2 for nickel–metal hydride, which in 2003 absorbed the older IEC 61436 and IEC 61808. It covers designation, dimensions, rated capacity, charge retention and endurance; the 2017 edition of part 2 added a type for low self-discharge cells. Their safety is in IEC 62133-1.",
        "related": [
          "nickel-metal-hydride",
          "nickel-cadmium",
          "lsd-nimh",
          "iec-62133"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/iec-61951/",
        "mentions": [
          "nominal-capacity",
          "self-discharge"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:separator",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Separator",
      "properties": {
        "id": "separator",
        "name": "Separator",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "A porous, electronically insulating film between the electrodes. Electrons cannot cross it; ions move through the electrolyte in its pores.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte",
          "ceramic-coated-separator",
          "separator-shutdown",
          "internal-short-circuit",
          "porosity"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#separator",
        "example": {
          "title": "Different conduction paths",
          "text": "A separator prevents direct electronic contact while permitting ionic transport through its electrolyte-filled structure."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/separator/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    }
  ]
}