{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:lithium-hydroxide",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Lithium hydroxide",
    "properties": {
      "id": "lithium-hydroxide",
      "name": "Lithium hydroxide",
      "abbr": "LiOH",
      "section": "topic-sustainability",
      "definition": "The lithium chemical required for high-nickel cathodes, which must be fired at temperatures too low for lithium carbonate to react. It is made from spodumene directly or by converting carbonate.",
      "related": [
        "lithium-carbonate",
        "high-nickel",
        "calcination",
        "spodumene"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lithium-hydroxide/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:3222",
      "source": "term:lithium-hydroxide",
      "target": "topic:topic-sustainability",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3223",
      "source": "term:lithium-hydroxide",
      "target": "term:lithium-carbonate",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3224",
      "source": "term:lithium-hydroxide",
      "target": "term:high-nickel",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3225",
      "source": "term:lithium-hydroxide",
      "target": "term:calcination",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:3226",
      "source": "term:lithium-hydroxide",
      "target": "term:spodumene",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-sustainability",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Supply chain and regulation",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-sustainability",
        "name": "Supply chain and regulation",
        "lede": "Where the materials come from, what a battery’s carbon footprint is, and the rules that govern it from mine to market.",
        "context": "Keep boundaries, dates, geography and units.",
        "example": "Carbon footprints can be compared only with compatible boundaries and functional units.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-production/",
        "lesson_label": "Open production context"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:lithium-carbonate",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Lithium carbonate",
      "properties": {
        "id": "lithium-carbonate",
        "name": "Lithium carbonate",
        "abbr": "Li₂CO₃",
        "aka": [
          "LCE",
          "lithium carbonate equivalent"
        ],
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The commodity form in which most lithium is traded and the lithium source for LFP and mid-nickel cathodes. Lithium carbonate equivalent, LCE, is the unit the industry uses to count lithium supply whatever its chemical form.",
        "related": [
          "lithium-hydroxide",
          "brine",
          "spodumene",
          "calcination",
          "lithium"
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        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lithium-carbonate/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:high-nickel",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "High-nickel cathode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "high-nickel",
        "name": "High-nickel cathode",
        "aka": [
          "Ni-rich"
        ],
        "section": "topic-chemistries",
        "definition": "A layered oxide with 80 % or more nickel, such as NMC811 or NCA. Nickel raises capacity and lowers cobalt content, but the material is less thermally stable, more sensitive to moisture and ages faster at high voltage.",
        "related": [
          "nmc",
          "nca",
          "cathode-active-material",
          "thermal-runaway",
          "cei",
          "mid-nickel"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/high-nickel/",
        "mentions": [
          "cobalt",
          "layered-oxide"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:calcination",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Calcination",
      "properties": {
        "id": "calcination",
        "name": "Calcination",
        "aka": [
          "lithiation",
          "sintering of CAM"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Firing the precursor with a lithium source — lithium carbonate or, for high-nickel materials, lithium hydroxide — at 700–900 °C in kilns to form the layered oxide. Atmosphere and temperature profile control the crystal quality.",
        "related": [
          "precursor",
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        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/calcination/",
        "mentions": [
          "layered-oxide"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:spodumene",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Spodumene",
      "properties": {
        "id": "spodumene",
        "name": "Spodumene",
        "section": "topic-sustainability",
        "definition": "The hard-rock lithium ore, a lithium aluminium silicate mined mainly in Australia, concentrated to about 6 % Li₂O and shipped to converters, mostly in China, who turn it into carbonate or hydroxide.",
        "related": [
          "lithium-carbonate",
          "lithium-hydroxide",
          "brine",
          "critical-raw-materials"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/spodumene/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    }
  ]
}