{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:lidfp",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Lithium difluorophosphate",
    "properties": {
      "id": "lidfp",
      "name": "Lithium difluorophosphate",
      "abbr": "LiDFP",
      "aka": [
        "LiPO₂F₂"
      ],
      "section": "topic-electrolytes",
      "definition": "A salt-type additive, LiPO₂F₂, used at around 1 % because it dissolves only sparingly in carbonate solvents. It forms thin phosphate-rich films on both electrodes that lower interfacial resistance, improving low-temperature power and high-voltage cycling. Small amounts also form naturally when LiPF₆ meets traces of water.",
      "related": [
        "electrolyte-additive",
        "lipf6",
        "sei",
        "cei",
        "dtd",
        "lithium-salt"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lidfp/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:5778",
      "source": "term:lidfp",
      "target": "topic:topic-electrolytes",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5779",
      "source": "term:lidfp",
      "target": "term:electrolyte-additive",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5780",
      "source": "term:lidfp",
      "target": "term:lipf6",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5781",
      "source": "term:lidfp",
      "target": "term:sei",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5782",
      "source": "term:lidfp",
      "target": "term:cei",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5783",
      "source": "term:lidfp",
      "target": "term:dtd",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5784",
      "source": "term:lidfp",
      "target": "term:lithium-salt",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-electrolytes",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Electrolytes and separators",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-electrolytes",
        "name": "Electrolytes and separators",
        "lede": "What sits between the electrodes: liquid, gel and solid electrolytes, their salts, solvents and additives, and the separator that keeps the electrodes apart.",
        "context": "Connect transport with electronic isolation.",
        "example": "Greater liquid uptake may improve wetting while changing mechanical behavior. Several properties define separator performance.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-anatomy/",
        "lesson_label": "Open cell anatomy"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrolyte-additive",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrolyte additive",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrolyte-additive",
        "name": "Electrolyte additive",
        "aka": [
          "VC",
          "FEC"
        ],
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "A compound added to the electrolyte at a few percent to improve one property — vinylene carbonate and fluoroethylene carbonate build a tougher SEI, others suppress gassing or overcharge. Additive packages are among a cell maker’s closest secrets.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte",
          "sei",
          "formation",
          "gas-generation",
          "libob"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte-additive/",
        "mentions": [
          "overcharge",
          "vc",
          "fec"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:lipf6",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Lithium hexafluorophosphate",
      "properties": {
        "id": "lipf6",
        "name": "Lithium hexafluorophosphate",
        "abbr": "LiPF₆",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "The lithium salt in nearly every commercial electrolyte, chosen for conductivity, aluminium passivation and cost rather than stability: it decomposes above about 60 °C and reacts with water to form HF.",
        "related": [
          "lithium-salt",
          "hydrofluoric-acid",
          "lifsi",
          "dry-room",
          "aluminium-foil"
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        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lipf6/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "passivation"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:sei",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Solid–electrolyte interphase",
      "properties": {
        "id": "sei",
        "name": "Solid–electrolyte interphase",
        "abbr": "SEI",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "A film of electrolyte reaction products on the negative-electrode particles — graphite, and also silicon or lithium metal. It protects the electrode from further reaction but grows slowly for the whole life of the cell, consuming cyclable lithium.",
        "related": [
          "passivation",
          "formation",
          "calendar-aging",
          "loss-of-lithium-inventory",
          "cei"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#sei",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/sei/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "graphite",
          "electrolyte"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:cei",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Cathode–electrolyte interphase",
      "properties": {
        "id": "cei",
        "name": "Cathode–electrolyte interphase",
        "abbr": "CEI",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "The counterpart of the SEI on the positive electrode: a thin layer of electrolyte oxidation products on the oxide surface. It is thinner and less stable than the SEI, and its growth contributes to impedance rise, especially at high voltage.",
        "related": [
          "sei",
          "electrolyte-decomposition",
          "impedance-rise",
          "high-nickel"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/cei/",
        "mentions": [
          "impedance",
          "electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "electrolyte",
          "oxidation"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:dtd",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Ethylene sulfate",
      "properties": {
        "id": "dtd",
        "name": "Ethylene sulfate",
        "abbr": "DTD",
        "aka": [
          "1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide",
          "DTD additive",
          "glycol sulfate"
        ],
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "A cyclic sulfate, 1,3,2-dioxathiolane 2,2-dioxide, added to electrolytes at about 1–2 %, often together with vinylene carbonate. It is reduced on the negative electrode during formation, leaving a sulfur-containing SEI, and keeps cell impedance lower than VC alone would. It is used in both lithium-ion and sodium-ion electrolytes.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte-additive",
          "vc",
          "sei",
          "formation",
          "impedance-rise",
          "lidfp"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/dtd/",
        "mentions": [
          "impedance",
          "electrode",
          "negative-electrode"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:lithium-salt",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Lithium salt",
      "properties": {
        "id": "lithium-salt",
        "name": "Lithium salt",
        "aka": [
          "LiPF₆",
          "LiFSI"
        ],
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "The dissolved salt that supplies the mobile lithium ions in a liquid electrolyte, almost always lithium hexafluorophosphate, LiPF₆, at about one mole per litre. It reacts with traces of water to form hydrofluoric acid, which is why cells are filled in a dry room.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte",
          "carbonate-solvent",
          "dry-room",
          "hydrofluoric-acid"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/lithium-salt/",
        "mentions": [
          "lipf6"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}