{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:iso-13849",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "ISO 13849",
    "properties": {
      "id": "iso-13849",
      "name": "ISO 13849",
      "aka": [
        "ISO 13849-1",
        "performance level"
      ],
      "section": "topic-standards-stationary",
      "definition": "The ISO standard for safety-related parts of machine control systems. A risk assessment sets a required performance level from PL a to PL e, met through an architecture category (B, 1 to 4) and a low enough probability of dangerous failure per hour. It applies to cell-production machinery and to battery-powered machines such as automated guided vehicles.",
      "related": [
        "functional-safety",
        "cell-production",
        "gigafactory",
        "fmea",
        "iec-60730"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/iso-13849/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:6426",
      "source": "term:iso-13849",
      "target": "topic:topic-standards-stationary",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6427",
      "source": "term:iso-13849",
      "target": "term:functional-safety",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6428",
      "source": "term:iso-13849",
      "target": "term:cell-production",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6429",
      "source": "term:iso-13849",
      "target": "term:gigafactory",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6430",
      "source": "term:iso-13849",
      "target": "term:fmea",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:6431",
      "source": "term:iso-13849",
      "target": "term:iec-60730",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-standards-stationary",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Stationary, industrial and product standards",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-standards-stationary",
        "name": "Stationary, industrial and product standards",
        "lede": "Safety and performance standards for portable, industrial and grid batteries, their electronics and their installation.",
        "context": "Match scope to product and installation.",
        "example": "A cell-level test does not establish fire performance or commissioning requirements for a complete installation.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/battery-basics/",
        "lesson_label": "Open battery basics"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:functional-safety",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Functional safety",
      "properties": {
        "id": "functional-safety",
        "name": "Functional safety",
        "abbr": "ISO 26262",
        "aka": [
          "ASIL"
        ],
        "section": "topic-hvsafety",
        "definition": "The discipline, standardised for vehicles in ISO 26262, of making sure electronic failures do not cause harm. Battery functions such as overvoltage protection are classified by risk into ASIL levels A to D, which set how redundant and verified their hardware and software must be.",
        "related": [
          "bms",
          "high-voltage-interlock",
          "insulation-resistance",
          "fmea",
          "mcu",
          "iso-13849"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/functional-safety/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:cell-production",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Cell production",
      "properties": {
        "id": "cell-production",
        "name": "Cell production",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The three-phase process that turns powders and foils into finished cells: electrode making, cell assembly and cell finishing. Electrode making is a roll-to-roll chemical process; assembly is precision mechanics; finishing is electrochemistry that takes weeks.",
        "related": [
          "electrode-manufacturing",
          "cell-assembly",
          "cell-finishing",
          "gigafactory"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#three-phases",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/cell-production/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:gigafactory",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Gigafactory",
      "properties": {
        "id": "gigafactory",
        "name": "Gigafactory",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "A cell plant with an annual output of at least a few gigawatt-hours, enough for tens of thousands of electric cars. The term began as one company’s name for its plant and is now used for any large battery factory.",
        "unit": "GWh/year",
        "related": [
          "cell-production",
          "kilowatt-hour",
          "yield",
          "cost-per-kwh"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/gigafactory/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:fmea",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Failure mode and effects analysis",
      "properties": {
        "id": "fmea",
        "name": "Failure mode and effects analysis",
        "abbr": "FMEA",
        "section": "topic-hvsafety",
        "definition": "A structured review that lists every way a component or process could fail, its effect, and how likely it is to happen and be detected, scoring each to prioritise fixes. Battery programmes run it on the cell, the pack design and the production process.",
        "related": [
          "functional-safety",
          "abuse-testing",
          "cell-design",
          "fault-tree-analysis"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/fmea/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:iec-60730",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "IEC 60730",
      "properties": {
        "id": "iec-60730",
        "name": "IEC 60730",
        "aka": [
          "IEC 60730-1",
          "software class B"
        ],
        "section": "topic-standards-stationary",
        "definition": "The IEC series on automatic electrical controls for household and similar use, whose part 1 covers the safety and functional safety of control electronics. It sorts safety software into classes: B guards against hazards from hardware faults, C must prevent hazards without other protective devices. Battery-management firmware can be assessed to these classes or the equivalent UL 1998, as when a BMS is recognised for UL 1973.",
        "related": [
          "functional-safety",
          "bms",
          "firmware",
          "mcu",
          "ul-1973"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/iec-60730/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    }
  ]
}