{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:ionic-path",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Ionic path",
    "properties": {
      "id": "ionic-path",
      "name": "Ionic path",
      "section": "topic-electrochemistry",
      "definition": "The route lithium ions take: out of one electrode’s particles, through the electrolyte in its pores, across the separator and into the particles of the other electrode. The electrons and ions arrive together, so the slower of the two paths limits the cell.",
      "related": [
        "electronic-path",
        "electrolyte",
        "separator",
        "tortuosity",
        "diffusion",
        "ion"
      ],
      "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#discharge",
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/ionic-path/",
      "mentions": [
        "electrode"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:2019",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "topic:topic-electrochemistry",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2020",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "term:electronic-path",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2021",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2022",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "term:separator",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2023",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "term:tortuosity",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2024",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "term:diffusion",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2025",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "term:ion",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/ionic-path/electrode",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "term:electrode",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2027",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "lesson:fundamentals/cell-anatomy/",
      "type": "explainedIn",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#discharge"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2028",
      "source": "term:ionic-path",
      "target": "visual:diffusion",
      "type": "illustratedBy",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "visual-pages.json"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-electrochemistry",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Electrochemistry fundamentals",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-electrochemistry",
        "name": "Electrochemistry fundamentals",
        "lede": "The reactions and potentials that make a cell a battery.",
        "context": "Connect reaction sites and transport paths.",
        "example": "A circuit can predict terminal voltage while leaving electrode potentials and reaction kinetics unresolved.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-anatomy/",
        "lesson_label": "Open cell anatomy"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electronic-path",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electronic path",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electronic-path",
        "name": "Electronic path",
        "section": "topic-electrochemistry",
        "definition": "The route electrons take during operation: from active particle through carbon additive to the foil, out through the tab and the external circuit, and back in at the other electrode. Everything on it adds resistance.",
        "related": [
          "ionic-path",
          "current-collector",
          "conductive-additive",
          "internal-resistance"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#discharge",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electronic-path/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrolyte",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrolyte",
        "name": "Electrolyte",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "The ion-conducting medium between the electrodes. In a liquid-electrolyte cell it fills the pores of both electrodes and the separator, so it is not a separate structural layer.",
        "related": [
          "lithium-salt",
          "carbonate-solvent",
          "electrolyte-additive",
          "ionic-conductivity",
          "solid-electrolyte",
          "ionic-liquid-electrolyte"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#electrolyte",
        "example": {
          "title": "Ions and electrons",
          "text": "Electrolyte carries ions between electrodes; the external circuit carries electrons. The two paths serve different roles."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte/",
        "mentions": [
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:separator",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Separator",
      "properties": {
        "id": "separator",
        "name": "Separator",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "A porous, electronically insulating film between the electrodes. Electrons cannot cross it; ions move through the electrolyte in its pores.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte",
          "ceramic-coated-separator",
          "separator-shutdown",
          "internal-short-circuit",
          "porosity"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#separator",
        "example": {
          "title": "Different conduction paths",
          "text": "A separator prevents direct electronic contact while permitting ionic transport through its electrolyte-filled structure."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/separator/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:tortuosity",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Tortuosity",
      "properties": {
        "id": "tortuosity",
        "name": "Tortuosity",
        "abbr": "τ",
        "section": "topic-transport",
        "definition": "How winding the path through a porous layer is, compared with a straight line through it. High tortuosity means ions travel much further than the layer is thick, which limits how fast a thick, dense electrode can be charged or discharged.",
        "unit": "—",
        "related": [
          "porosity",
          "bruggeman-relation",
          "porous-electrode",
          "rate-capability",
          "ionic-path"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#porosity",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/tortuosity/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "winding"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:diffusion",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Diffusion",
      "properties": {
        "id": "diffusion",
        "name": "Diffusion",
        "section": "topic-transport",
        "definition": "The net movement of a species from where it is concentrated to where it is scarce, driven by random thermal motion. In a cell lithium diffuses through the electrolyte in the pores and, far more slowly, through the solid particles themselves.",
        "related": [
          "ficks-first-law",
          "diffusion-coefficient",
          "solid-state-diffusion",
          "concentration-gradient",
          "migration"
        ],
        "lesson": "transport/ficks-first-law/#in-a-cell",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/diffusion/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:ion",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Ion",
      "properties": {
        "id": "ion",
        "name": "Ion",
        "section": "topic-electrochemistry",
        "definition": "An atom or molecule carrying a net charge: a cation such as Li⁺ is positive, an anion such as PF₆⁻ negative. Ions carry current through the electrolyte, electrons carry it through the solids and the external circuit.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte",
          "ionic-path",
          "transference-number",
          "migration"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/ion/",
        "mentions": []
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrode",
        "name": "Electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.",
        "related": [
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "porous-electrode",
          "current-collector"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components",
        "example": {
          "title": "Two transport paths",
          "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "lesson:fundamentals/cell-anatomy/",
      "type": "Lesson",
      "label": "Lesson 1 · Cell anatomy",
      "properties": {
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-anatomy/"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "visual:diffusion",
      "type": "Visual",
      "label": "Flux follows the concentration slope",
      "properties": {
        "title": "Flux follows the concentration slope",
        "summary": "The minus sign in Fick’s law sends material down its concentration gradient.",
        "readout": "Flux J = 500 μmol/(m²·s), toward increasing position.",
        "formula": "J = −D dc/dx",
        "note": "The profile is imposed and static. Time evolution requires Fick’s second law and boundary conditions.",
        "software": {
          "status": "implemented",
          "label": "Implemented in battery-core",
          "body": "ficks_first_law_flux evaluates J = −D dc/dx. It does not solve a diffusion PDE, estimate the gradient or apply boundary conditions.",
          "href": "../transport/ficks-first-law/"
        },
        "html": "<figure class=\"visual-figure\"><figcaption>Imposed concentration profile</figcaption><svg class=\"visual-chart\" viewBox=\"0 0 360 330\" role=\"img\" aria-labelledby=\"static-diffusion-0-title static-diffusion-0-desc\"><title id=\"static-diffusion-0-title\">Imposed concentration profile</title><desc id=\"static-diffusion-0-desc\">Position (μm) versus Concentration (mol/m³). Concentration. Interpretation follows the graphs.</desc><path d=\"M74,238h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"242\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">0</text><text x=\"74\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">0</text><path d=\"M74,188.5h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"192.5\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">500</text><text x=\"141\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">25</text><path d=\"M74,139h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"143\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">1,000</text><text x=\"208\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">50</text><path d=\"M74,89.5h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"93.5\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">1,500</text><text x=\"275\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">75</text><path d=\"M74,40h268\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".13\"/><text x=\"64\" y=\"44\" text-anchor=\"end\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">2,000</text><text x=\"342\" y=\"265\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"13\" fill=\"currentColor\">100</text><path d=\"M74,40v198h268\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" opacity=\".3\"/><polyline fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2459a8\" stroke-width=\"2.8\" points=\"74.00,114.25 76.68,114.74 79.36,115.24 82.04,115.73 84.72,116.23 87.40,116.72 90.08,117.22 92.76,117.71 95.44,118.21 98.12,118.70 100.80,119.20 103.48,119.69 106.16,120.19 108.84,120.68 111.52,121.18 114.20,121.67 116.88,122.17 119.56,122.66 122.24,123.16 124.92,123.66 127.60,124.15 130.28,124.64 132.96,125.14 135.64,125.64 138.32,126.13 141.00,126.63 143.68,127.12 146.36,127.61 149.04,128.11 151.72,128.61 154.40,129.10 157.08,129.59 159.76,130.09 162.44,130.59 165.12,131.08 167.80,131.57 170.48,132.07 173.16,132.56 175.84,133.06 178.52,133.56 181.20,134.05 183.88,134.55 186.56,135.04 189.24,135.54 191.92,136.03 194.60,136.53 197.28,137.02 199.96,137.52 202.64,138.01 205.32,138.50 208.00,139.00 210.68,139.50 213.36,139.99 216.04,140.49 218.72,140.98 221.40,141.48 224.08,141.97 226.76,142.47 229.44,142.96 232.12,143.45 234.80,143.95 237.48,144.44 240.16,144.94 242.84,145.44 245.52,145.93 248.20,146.43 250.88,146.92 253.56,147.41 256.24,147.91 258.92,148.41 261.60,148.90 264.28,149.39 266.96,149.89 269.64,150.38 272.32,150.88 275.00,151.38 277.68,151.87 280.36,152.37 283.04,152.86 285.72,153.36 288.40,153.85 291.08,154.34 293.76,154.84 296.44,155.34 299.12,155.83 301.80,156.32 304.48,156.82 307.16,157.31 309.84,157.81 312.52,158.31 315.20,158.80 317.88,159.30 320.56,159.79 323.24,160.28 325.92,160.78 328.60,161.27 331.28,161.77 333.96,162.26 336.64,162.76 339.32,163.25 342.00,163.75\"/><text transform=\"translate(208 303)\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"14\" fill=\"currentColor\"><tspan x=\"0\" dy=\"0\">Position (μm)</tspan></text><text transform=\"translate(20 139) rotate(-90)\" text-anchor=\"middle\" font-size=\"14\" fill=\"currentColor\"><tspan x=\"0\" dy=\"0\">Concentration (mol/m³)</tspan></text></svg><div class=\"visual-legend\"><span><i style=\"background:#2459a8\"></i>Concentration</span></div></figure>"
      }
    }
  ]
}
