{
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    "id": "term:full-cell",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Full cell",
    "properties": {
      "id": "full-cell",
      "name": "Full cell",
      "section": "topic-testing",
      "definition": "A test cell with both a real positive and a real negative electrode, as in a product. It is the only configuration that shows lithium inventory loss, since the lithium supply is finite.",
      "related": [
        "half-cell",
        "loss-of-lithium-inventory",
        "three-electrode-cell"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/full-cell/",
      "mentions": [
        "electrode",
        "negative-electrode"
      ]
    }
  },
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      "id": "edge:2697",
      "source": "term:full-cell",
      "target": "topic:topic-testing",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2698",
      "source": "term:full-cell",
      "target": "term:half-cell",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2699",
      "source": "term:full-cell",
      "target": "term:loss-of-lithium-inventory",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:2700",
      "source": "term:full-cell",
      "target": "term:three-electrode-cell",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/full-cell/electrode",
      "source": "term:full-cell",
      "target": "term:electrode",
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      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
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      "id": "topic:topic-testing",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Testing methods",
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        "id": "topic-testing",
        "name": "Testing methods",
        "lede": "The measurements and test procedures that characterise a cell or pack, from capacity and pulse tests to abuse and environmental tests.",
        "context": "Record specimen, state, instrument, temperature and timing.",
        "example": "Resistance immediately after a current step can differ from a ten-second value because slower polarization contributes.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open capacity measurements"
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      "id": "term:half-cell",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Half-cell",
      "properties": {
        "id": "half-cell",
        "name": "Half-cell",
        "section": "topic-testing",
        "definition": "A test cell with the electrode under study against lithium metal, so the measured potential is that electrode’s alone. It is how a new material’s capacity and voltage are first measured, usually in coin-cell format.",
        "related": [
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          "electrode"
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      "id": "term:loss-of-lithium-inventory",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Loss of lithium inventory",
      "properties": {
        "id": "loss-of-lithium-inventory",
        "name": "Loss of lithium inventory",
        "abbr": "LLI",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "The degradation mode in which cyclable lithium is consumed by side reactions — SEI growth, plating, electrolyte decomposition — and can no longer shuttle between the electrodes. It is the dominant cause of capacity fade in most lithium-ion cells.",
        "related": [
          "sei",
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        "name": "Three-electrode cell",
        "section": "topic-testing",
        "definition": "A full cell with an added reference electrode, so the potential of each working electrode can be tracked separately during cycling. It reveals, for instance, when the graphite potential drops below 0 V and plating begins.",
        "related": [
          "reference-electrode",
          "full-cell",
          "lithium-plating",
          "electrode-potential"
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        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/three-electrode-cell/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "graphite",
          "working-and-counter-electrode"
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      "id": "term:electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrode",
        "name": "Electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.",
        "related": [
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "porous-electrode",
          "current-collector"
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        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components",
        "example": {
          "title": "Two transport paths",
          "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "coating"
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      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:negative-electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Negative electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "negative-electrode",
        "name": "Negative electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "The electrode at the lower potential, usually graphite on copper foil in a lithium-ion cell. It holds the lithium when the cell is charged and releases it on discharge, and industry calls it the anode.",
        "related": [
          "anode",
          "graphite",
          "positive-electrode",
          "copper-foil"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#anode-cathode",
        "example": {
          "title": "Keep the polarity name",
          "text": "Graphite remains the negative electrode during charge and discharge, while the anode/cathode reaction labels change with operating direction."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/negative-electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode"
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    }
  ]
}