{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Electrolyte dry-out",
    "properties": {
      "id": "electrolyte-dry-out",
      "name": "Electrolyte dry-out",
      "aka": [
        "electrolyte depletion"
      ],
      "section": "topic-aging",
      "definition": "Loss of liquid electrolyte to decomposition and film growth until parts of the electrode are no longer wetted. It appears late in life as a sudden rise in resistance, and is one cause of the knee in a capacity curve.",
      "related": [
        "electrolyte-decomposition",
        "knee-point",
        "wetting",
        "impedance-rise"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte-dry-out/",
      "mentions": [
        "electrode",
        "electrolyte"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:1506",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
      "target": "topic:topic-aging",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1507",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
      "target": "term:electrolyte-decomposition",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1508",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
      "target": "term:knee-point",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1509",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
      "target": "term:wetting",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1510",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
      "target": "term:impedance-rise",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/electrolyte-dry-out/electrode",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
      "target": "term:electrode",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
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    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/electrolyte-dry-out/electrolyte",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
      "target": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:1513",
      "source": "term:electrolyte-dry-out",
      "target": "reference:edge-degradation",
      "type": "cites",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "wiki-references.json",
        "scope": "direct technical reference"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-aging",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Aging and degradation",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-aging",
        "name": "Aging and degradation",
        "lede": "Why a cell loses capacity and gains resistance, and the mechanisms behind it.",
        "context": "Separate mechanisms, observations and fitted models.",
        "example": "Capacity loss and resistance rise can have different causes; a film-growth curve cannot identify both.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/battery-aging/",
        "lesson_label": "Open aging"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrolyte-decomposition",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrolyte decomposition",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrolyte-decomposition",
        "name": "Electrolyte decomposition",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Reduction of the electrolyte at the negative electrode and oxidation at the positive, outside its stability window. A little is useful — it builds the SEI — but continued decomposition consumes lithium, dries the cell and makes gas.",
        "related": [
          "sei",
          "cei",
          "electrochemical-stability-window",
          "gas-generation",
          "electrolyte-dry-out"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte-decomposition/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "negative-electrode",
          "electrolyte",
          "oxidation",
          "reduction"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:knee-point",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Knee point",
      "properties": {
        "id": "knee-point",
        "name": "Knee point",
        "aka": [
          "rollover",
          "sudden death"
        ],
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "The point in a capacity-versus-cycles curve where slow, roughly linear fade turns into rapid loss. It usually marks the onset of lithium plating or electrolyte dry-out, and a cell past its knee is unpredictable and should be retired.",
        "related": [
          "capacity-fade",
          "lithium-plating",
          "electrolyte-dry-out",
          "remaining-useful-life",
          "end-of-life"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/knee-point/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:wetting",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Wetting",
      "properties": {
        "id": "wetting",
        "name": "Wetting",
        "aka": [
          "soaking"
        ],
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The soaking of electrolyte into every pore of the electrodes and separator after filling. It can take hours or more; a pore left dry is electrode area that never works properly.",
        "related": [
          "electrolyte-filling",
          "porosity",
          "formation",
          "electrolyte-dry-out",
          "ultrasonic-cell-testing"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#assembly",
        "example": {
          "title": "Added volume is not penetration",
          "text": "The intended electrolyte mass can be present before every pore is wetted. Time and pore connectivity affect penetration."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/wetting/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "separator",
          "electrolyte"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:impedance-rise",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Impedance rise",
      "properties": {
        "id": "impedance-rise",
        "name": "Impedance rise",
        "aka": [
          "resistance growth",
          "power fade"
        ],
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "An increase in a cell’s internal resistance as it ages. It costs voltage under load and therefore power, even while the stored charge is still there.",
        "related": [
          "internal-resistance",
          "sei",
          "cei",
          "state-of-power",
          "state-of-health"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/battery-aging/#crystals",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/impedance-rise/",
        "mentions": [
          "closed-circuit-voltage"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrode",
        "name": "Electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.",
        "related": [
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "porous-electrode",
          "current-collector"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components",
        "example": {
          "title": "Two transport paths",
          "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrolyte",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrolyte",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrolyte",
        "name": "Electrolyte",
        "section": "topic-electrolytes",
        "definition": "The ion-conducting medium between the electrodes. In a liquid-electrolyte cell it fills the pores of both electrodes and the separator, so it is not a separate structural layer.",
        "related": [
          "lithium-salt",
          "carbonate-solvent",
          "electrolyte-additive",
          "ionic-conductivity",
          "solid-electrolyte",
          "ionic-liquid-electrolyte"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#electrolyte",
        "example": {
          "title": "Ions and electrons",
          "text": "Electrolyte carries ions between electrodes; the external circuit carries electrons. The two paths serve different roles."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrolyte/",
        "mentions": [
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "reference:edge-degradation",
      "type": "Reference",
      "label": "Lithium ion battery degradation: what you need to know",
      "properties": {
        "title": "Lithium ion battery degradation: what you need to know",
        "publisher": "Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics",
        "url": "https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CP00359C",
        "type": "Review article",
        "scope": "Degradation mechanisms, modes, operational effects and their interactions.",
        "year": 2021,
        "accessed": "2026-10-27"
      }
    }
  ]
}