{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:electrode-peel-test",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Electrode peel test",
    "properties": {
      "id": "electrode-peel-test",
      "name": "Electrode peel test",
      "aka": [
        "peel test",
        "adhesion test",
        "90° peel test",
        "180° peel test"
      ],
      "section": "topic-testing",
      "definition": "Pulling an adhesive tape stuck to a coated electrode away at 90° or 180° while recording the force per unit width, in N/m, to measure how firmly the coating holds to the foil and to itself. It checks binder content, drying and calendering, since weak adhesion leads to flaking during winding and to delamination in service.",
      "unit": "N/m",
      "related": [
        "binder",
        "delamination",
        "binder-migration",
        "calendering",
        "coating"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode-peel-test/",
      "mentions": [
        "electrode",
        "drying",
        "winding"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:5435",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "topic:topic-testing",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5436",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "term:binder",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5437",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "term:delamination",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5438",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "term:binder-migration",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5439",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "term:calendering",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:5440",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "term:coating",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/electrode-peel-test/electrode",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "term:electrode",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/electrode-peel-test/drying",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "term:drying",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/electrode-peel-test/winding",
      "source": "term:electrode-peel-test",
      "target": "term:winding",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-testing",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Testing methods",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-testing",
        "name": "Testing methods",
        "lede": "The measurements and test procedures that characterise a cell or pack, from capacity and pulse tests to abuse and environmental tests.",
        "context": "Record specimen, state, instrument, temperature and timing.",
        "example": "Resistance immediately after a current step can differ from a ten-second value because slower polarization contributes.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open capacity measurements"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:binder",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Binder",
      "properties": {
        "id": "binder",
        "name": "Binder",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A polymer that holds electrode particles to each other and to the foil — typically PVDF for positive electrodes and CMC with SBR for graphite. It stores no charge, so cell designers use as little as the electrode needs.",
        "related": [
          "active-material",
          "conductive-additive",
          "slurry",
          "pvdf",
          "nmp",
          "paa"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#composite",
        "example": {
          "title": "Balance coating functions",
          "text": "Increasing binder fraction at fixed coating mass leaves less mass for active material and conductive additive. Adhesion and capacity are separate design considerations."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/binder/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "graphite",
          "cmc",
          "sbr"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:delamination",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Delamination",
      "properties": {
        "id": "delamination",
        "name": "Delamination",
        "section": "topic-aging",
        "definition": "Separation of the electrode coating from its current collector, or of layers within a cell, which cuts the electronic path to part of the electrode. It is caused by poor adhesion, binder degradation, gas pockets or repeated swelling.",
        "related": [
          "binder-degradation",
          "coating",
          "swelling",
          "loss-of-active-material",
          "electrode-peel-test"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/delamination/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "binder",
          "current-collector",
          "electronic-path"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:binder-migration",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Binder migration",
      "properties": {
        "id": "binder-migration",
        "name": "Binder migration",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Binder carried to the top of the coating by evaporating solvent during fast drying, leaving the foil interface binder-poor. The result is weak adhesion and higher resistance; it is controlled by drying profile and slurry formulation.",
        "related": [
          "drying",
          "binder",
          "delamination",
          "coating"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/binder-migration/",
        "mentions": [
          "slurry"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:calendering",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Calendering",
      "properties": {
        "id": "calendering",
        "name": "Calendering",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Compressing a dried electrode coating between rollers to set its thickness, density and porosity. It is one of the electrode-making steps in cell production.",
        "related": [
          "porosity",
          "electrode-density",
          "drying",
          "slitting"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#electrodes",
        "example": {
          "title": "Connect thickness and density",
          "text": "At fixed mass and area, reducing thickness raises bulk density. The pore structure still needs to support wetting and transport."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/calendering/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "cell-production",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:coating",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Coating",
      "properties": {
        "id": "coating",
        "name": "Coating",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Applying slurry to the moving foil at a controlled wet thickness, usually with a slot die, often on both sides. Coating weight per area must be held within about one percent across the web, because every downstream property depends on it.",
        "related": [
          "slot-die",
          "areal-loading",
          "drying",
          "electrode-manufacturing"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#electrodes",
        "example": {
          "title": "Wet and dry thickness differ",
          "text": "Wet coating includes solvent. Dry thickness also depends on retained solids and resulting structure."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/coating/",
        "mentions": [
          "slurry"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrode",
        "name": "Electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.",
        "related": [
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "porous-electrode",
          "current-collector"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components",
        "example": {
          "title": "Two transport paths",
          "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:drying",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Drying",
      "properties": {
        "id": "drying",
        "name": "Drying",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Evaporating the solvent from the wet coating in an oven tens of metres long. Drying too fast drives binder to the surface and weakens adhesion to the foil; it is the most energy-hungry step in the plant.",
        "related": [
          "coating",
          "nmp",
          "solvent-recovery",
          "binder-migration",
          "calendering"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#electrodes",
        "example": {
          "title": "Identify what the measurement proves",
          "text": "Final coating mass alone does not prove uniform binder distribution or acceptable residual moisture."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/drying/",
        "mentions": [
          "binder"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:winding",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Winding",
      "properties": {
        "id": "winding",
        "name": "Winding",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "Rolling the two electrode strips and two separator strips together around a mandrel into a jelly roll. It is fast and well understood, and it produces the round roll of a cylindrical cell or the flattened roll of many prismatic cells.",
        "related": [
          "jelly-roll",
          "stacking",
          "cylindrical-cell",
          "prismatic-cell"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#assembly",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/winding/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "separator"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}