{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:dt-dt-termination",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "dT/dt termination",
    "properties": {
      "id": "dt-dt-termination",
      "name": "dT/dt termination",
      "aka": [
        "ΔT/Δt termination",
        "temperature-rise termination",
        "rate-of-temperature-rise termination"
      ],
      "section": "topic-charging",
      "definition": "Ending a nickel-cell fast charge when the temperature climbs faster than a set rate, typically about 1 °C per minute, because once the cell is full the charge no longer stored chemically turns into heat. It needs a thermistor against the cells and a charge rate of roughly 0.5C or more to produce a clear rise.",
      "related": [
        "charge-termination",
        "negative-delta-v",
        "temperature-sensor",
        "nickel-metal-hydride",
        "oxygen-recombination"
      ],
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/dt-dt-termination/",
      "mentions": []
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:belongsTo/term:dt-dt-termination/topic:topic-charging",
      "source": "term:dt-dt-termination",
      "target": "topic:topic-charging",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:dt-dt-termination/term:charge-termination",
      "source": "term:dt-dt-termination",
      "target": "term:charge-termination",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:dt-dt-termination/term:negative-delta-v",
      "source": "term:dt-dt-termination",
      "target": "term:negative-delta-v",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:dt-dt-termination/term:temperature-sensor",
      "source": "term:dt-dt-termination",
      "target": "term:temperature-sensor",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:dt-dt-termination/term:nickel-metal-hydride",
      "source": "term:dt-dt-termination",
      "target": "term:nickel-metal-hydride",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:relatedTo/term:dt-dt-termination/term:oxygen-recombination",
      "source": "term:dt-dt-termination",
      "target": "term:oxygen-recombination",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-charging",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Charging and discharging",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-charging",
        "name": "Charging and discharging",
        "lede": "How current goes in and comes out, and the limits that stop it.",
        "context": "Separate regulation from availability.",
        "example": "The same CC–CV law can operate overnight or during a short depot stop.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/capacity-and-c-rate/",
        "lesson_label": "Open charging quantities"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:charge-termination",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Charge termination",
      "properties": {
        "id": "charge-termination",
        "name": "Charge termination",
        "aka": [
          "end-of-charge detection",
          "full-charge detection"
        ],
        "section": "topic-charging",
        "definition": "How a charger decides that a battery is full. Lithium-ion chargers end the constant-voltage stage when current falls to the taper current; nickel chargers watch for a small voltage drop or a fast temperature rise; lead–acid chargers drop to a float voltage. A safety timer and a temperature limit back up every method.",
        "related": [
          "taper-current",
          "negative-delta-v",
          "dt-dt-termination",
          "cc-cv-charging",
          "trickle-charge"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/charge-termination/",
        "mentions": [
          "charger"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:negative-delta-v",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Negative delta V",
      "properties": {
        "id": "negative-delta-v",
        "name": "Negative delta V",
        "abbr": "−ΔV",
        "aka": [
          "-dV",
          "-dV/dt",
          "NDV",
          "minus delta V",
          "zero delta V",
          "peak voltage detection"
        ],
        "section": "topic-charging",
        "definition": "The small fall in a nickel cell’s voltage just after full charge, as overcharge heats it, used to end a fast charge. NiCd shows about 10–30 mV per cell, NiMH only around 5–10 mV and barely any below 0.5C, so NiMH chargers often stop at the voltage peak or plateau instead and back it up with dT/dt.",
        "related": [
          "charge-termination",
          "dt-dt-termination",
          "nickel-cadmium",
          "nickel-metal-hydride",
          "fast-charging"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/negative-delta-v/",
        "mentions": [
          "overcharge"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:temperature-sensor",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Temperature sensor",
      "properties": {
        "id": "temperature-sensor",
        "name": "Temperature sensor",
        "abbr": "NTC",
        "aka": [
          "thermistor"
        ],
        "section": "topic-thermal",
        "definition": "Usually a negative-temperature-coefficient thermistor glued to a busbar or cell surface, with a few per module. Because sensors read the surface, the hottest point inside a cell can run several degrees higher than the BMS sees.",
        "unit": "°C",
        "related": [
          "bms",
          "thermal-management",
          "operating-temperature",
          "derating",
          "thermocouples-rtds",
          "virtual-temperature-sensor"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/temperature-sensor/",
        "mentions": [
          "busbar"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:nickel-metal-hydride",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Nickel–metal hydride battery",
      "properties": {
        "id": "nickel-metal-hydride",
        "name": "Nickel–metal hydride battery",
        "abbr": "NiMH",
        "section": "topic-other-chemistries",
        "definition": "A 1.2 V aqueous cell with a nickel hydroxide positive electrode and a hydrogen-absorbing alloy negative. It powered hybrid cars for two decades and is tolerant of abuse, but lithium-ion stores two to three times more energy per kilogram.",
        "related": [
          "hybrid-vehicle",
          "memory-effect",
          "specific-energy",
          "bipolar-battery",
          "nickel-hydrogen",
          "lsd-nimh"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/nickel-metal-hydride/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "positive-electrode"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:oxygen-recombination",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Oxygen recombination",
      "properties": {
        "id": "oxygen-recombination",
        "name": "Oxygen recombination",
        "aka": [
          "oxygen cycle",
          "recombinant cycle",
          "internal recombination"
        ],
        "section": "topic-electrochemistry",
        "definition": "The internal cycle that lets sealed nickel and valve-regulated lead–acid cells tolerate overcharge: oxygen evolved at the positive electrode diffuses to the negative and reacts back to water, so the excess charge ends as heat instead of gas. It is why NiMH can take a C/10 trickle charge and lithium-ion, which has no such route, cannot.",
        "related": [
          "vrla",
          "nickel-metal-hydride",
          "trickle-charge",
          "overcharge",
          "dt-dt-termination"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/oxygen-recombination/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "positive-electrode"
        ]
      }
    }
  ]
}