{
  "node": {
    "id": "term:conductive-additive",
    "type": "Term",
    "label": "Conductive additive",
    "properties": {
      "id": "conductive-additive",
      "name": "Conductive additive",
      "aka": [
        "carbon black",
        "conductive carbon"
      ],
      "section": "topic-components",
      "definition": "Fine carbon, such as carbon black or carbon nanotubes, added in small amounts to an electrode so that electrons can reach every active particle. Many active materials conduct electrons poorly on their own.",
      "related": [
        "active-material",
        "binder",
        "electronic-conductivity",
        "slurry"
      ],
      "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#composite",
      "example": {
        "title": "Distribution matters",
        "text": "Two coatings with the same additive mass can have different electronic connectivity if the additive is distributed differently."
      },
      "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/conductive-additive/",
      "mentions": [
        "electrode",
        "carbon-nanotube"
      ]
    }
  },
  "edges": [
    {
      "id": "edge:438",
      "source": "term:conductive-additive",
      "target": "topic:topic-components",
      "type": "belongsTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:439",
      "source": "term:conductive-additive",
      "target": "term:active-material",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:440",
      "source": "term:conductive-additive",
      "target": "term:binder",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:441",
      "source": "term:conductive-additive",
      "target": "term:electronic-conductivity",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:442",
      "source": "term:conductive-additive",
      "target": "term:slurry",
      "type": "relatedTo",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "meaning": "Related context; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/conductive-additive/electrode",
      "source": "term:conductive-additive",
      "target": "term:electrode",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:mentions/conductive-additive/carbon-nanotube",
      "source": "term:conductive-additive",
      "target": "term:carbon-nanotube",
      "type": "mentions",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "method": "build_glossary.mention_index + mentions",
        "field": "definition",
        "meaning": "Text mention; not a causal claim"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "edge:445",
      "source": "term:conductive-additive",
      "target": "lesson:fundamentals/cell-architecture/",
      "type": "explainedIn",
      "properties": {
        "sourceFile": "terms.json",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-architecture/#composite"
      }
    }
  ],
  "neighbors": [
    {
      "id": "topic:topic-components",
      "type": "Topic",
      "label": "Cell components and electrode materials",
      "properties": {
        "id": "topic-components",
        "name": "Cell components and electrode materials",
        "lede": "What a cell is physically made of — active materials, binders, additives, foils and tabs — and how its electrodes are put together.",
        "context": "Connect each material with its function.",
        "example": "Electrons travel through additive, foil and tab; ions use electrolyte and separator pathways.",
        "lesson_url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-anatomy/",
        "lesson_label": "Open cell anatomy"
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:active-material",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Active material",
      "properties": {
        "id": "active-material",
        "name": "Active material",
        "abbr": "AM",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "The part of an electrode that actually stores lithium — graphite on the negative side, an oxide or phosphate on the positive. It makes up most of the electrode coating; the rest is binder and conductive additive.",
        "related": [
          "cathode-active-material",
          "anode-active-material",
          "binder",
          "conductive-additive",
          "specific-capacity"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#composite",
        "example": {
          "title": "Choose a mass basis",
          "text": "A 100 g coating containing 95 g active material has different specific-capacity numbers when normalized to active mass versus total coating mass."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/active-material/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "graphite",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:binder",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Binder",
      "properties": {
        "id": "binder",
        "name": "Binder",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A polymer that holds electrode particles to each other and to the foil — typically PVDF for positive electrodes and CMC with SBR for graphite. It stores no charge, so cell designers use as little as the electrode needs.",
        "related": [
          "active-material",
          "conductive-additive",
          "slurry",
          "pvdf",
          "nmp",
          "paa"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-architecture/#composite",
        "example": {
          "title": "Balance coating functions",
          "text": "Increasing binder fraction at fixed coating mass leaves less mass for active material and conductive additive. Adhesion and capacity are separate design considerations."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/binder/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "graphite",
          "cmc",
          "sbr"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electronic-conductivity",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electronic conductivity",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electronic-conductivity",
        "name": "Electronic conductivity",
        "section": "topic-electrochemistry",
        "definition": "How readily a material conducts electrons. Current collectors and carbon additives supply it in an electrode because most active materials, LFP above all, conduct electrons poorly; a good electrolyte should have none, or it would self-discharge the cell.",
        "related": [
          "conductive-additive",
          "current-collector",
          "ionic-conductivity",
          "electronic-path"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electronic-conductivity/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "electrolyte",
          "self-discharge"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:slurry",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Slurry",
      "properties": {
        "id": "slurry",
        "name": "Slurry",
        "section": "topic-manufacturing",
        "definition": "The mixture of active material, conductive carbon, binder and solvent that is coated onto a current-collector foil to make an electrode. Positive slurries use NMP as solvent; graphite slurries are water-based.",
        "related": [
          "mixing",
          "coating",
          "nmp",
          "binder",
          "solids-content"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-production/#electrodes",
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/slurry/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrode",
          "active-material",
          "graphite",
          "conductive-additive"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:electrode",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Electrode",
      "properties": {
        "id": "electrode",
        "name": "Electrode",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "A solid conductor where the cell’s reaction happens, in contact with the electrolyte. A lithium-ion cell has a negative electrode and a positive electrode, each a porous coating on a metal foil.",
        "related": [
          "negative-electrode",
          "positive-electrode",
          "porous-electrode",
          "current-collector"
        ],
        "lesson": "fundamentals/cell-anatomy/#components",
        "example": {
          "title": "Two transport paths",
          "text": "Electrons need connected solid paths to the collector; ions need electrolyte paths to reaction sites. More of one constituent displaces others at fixed volume."
        },
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/electrode/",
        "mentions": [
          "electrolyte",
          "coating"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "term:carbon-nanotube",
      "type": "Term",
      "label": "Carbon nanotubes",
      "properties": {
        "id": "carbon-nanotube",
        "name": "Carbon nanotubes",
        "abbr": "CNT",
        "section": "topic-components",
        "definition": "Tubular carbon a few nanometres across, added at a fraction of a percent as a conductive additive. Their length lets them bridge particles that carbon black cannot, so less additive is needed and energy density rises.",
        "related": [
          "conductive-additive",
          "electronic-conductivity",
          "silicon-anode"
        ],
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/glossary/carbon-nanotube/",
        "mentions": [
          "energy-density"
        ]
      }
    },
    {
      "id": "lesson:fundamentals/cell-architecture/",
      "type": "Lesson",
      "label": "Lesson 1B · Cell architecture",
      "properties": {
        "url": "https://lemonergy.com/learn/fundamentals/cell-architecture/"
      }
    }
  ]
}